为评估中国癌症治疗药品的采购，我们对2015年至2020年中国20种抗癌药品的国家采购数据进行了描述性分析。我们估计了三个地区的基本药品和靶向治疗药品每年采购的定义日剂量，并按照每个地区每年的癌症患者人数进行了数据调整。从2015年到2020年，每位患者基本药品的定义日剂量从40.87下降至35.86（下降12.27％），而靶向药物的日剂量从0.85增加至12.52（增长1381.15％）。 10种基本药品中有3种采购减少，而所有10种靶向药品的采购都增加了。在2020年，东部地区采购了最多的基本药品（每位患者44.98剂量）和靶向药品（每位患者16.55剂量），但其基本药品采购和靶向药品采购的相对变化都最小（分别为-22.76％和978.16％）。中部地区的基本药品采购和靶向药品采购增长最大，分别为9.64％（从每位患者25.25剂量增加到27.68剂量）和4587.81％（从每位患者0.23剂量增加到10.64剂量）。 抗癌药品采购在各个地区有所不同。需要国家层面的特定政策来消除对这些药物的访问不平等。需要注意的两个问题是某些省份许多基本的抗癌药物访问较少以及靶向药物使用增加。（c）2022作者；世界卫生组织已被授权。

To assess the procurement of medicines to treat cancer in China.We conducted a descriptive analysis of the national procurement data for 20 anti-cancer medicines in China from 2015 to 2020. We estimated the number of defined daily doses procured per year in three areas of China for essential medicines and medicines for targeted therapies. We adjusted the data by the number of cancer patients in each region for each year.Between 2015 and 2020, the number of defined daily doses per patient decreased from 40.87 to 35.86 (-12.27%) for essential medicines, while the number increased from 0.85 to 12.52 (1381.15%) for target medicines. The procurement of three out of 10 essential medicines decreased, whereas procurement of all 10 targeted medicines increased. In 2020, the eastern area procured the most essential medicines (44.98 doses per patient) and targeted medicines (16.55 doses per patient), but had the smallest relative change in procurement of both essential medicines (-22.76%) and targeted medicines (978.16%). The central area had the largest increase in procurement of both essential medicines (9.64%; from 25.25 to 27.68 doses per patient) and targeted medicines (4587.81%; from 0.23 to 10.64 doses per patient).Procurement of anti-cancer medicines varied across regions. Specific policies are needed at the national level to eliminate inequalities in access to these medicines. Two issues that need attention are the lower access to many essential anti-cancer medicines in some provinces and the increase in use of targeted medicines.(c) 2022 The authors; licensee World Health Organization.