Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1（PAI-1），是一种SERPIN抑制剂，主要作用是调节纤溶作用。然而，现在已知这种抑制剂在包括炎症、创伤愈合、细胞黏附和肿瘤进展等许多（病理）生理过程中发挥作用和作出贡献。本综述讨论了PAI-1的过去、现在和未来的作用，特别关注了20世纪70年代在健康和疾病中发现这种抑制剂的后续表征。在过去几十年中，这种SERPIN的各种功能已经逐渐揭示，现在被认为是许多疾病过程中的重要参与者。 PAI-1由许多细胞类型表达，包括巨核细胞和血小板、脂肪细胞、内皮细胞、肝细胞和平滑肌细胞。在循环中，PAI-1存在于血浆本身和血小板α颗粒中。血小板PAI-1是在激活后分泌的，抑制剂保留在激活的血小板膜上。此外，这些无核细胞包含PAI-1信使核糖核酸，以允许新生合成。除了在纤溶作用中的传统作用外，已确定这种SERPIN在代谢综合征、肥胖症、糖尿病，以及最近的急性呼吸窘迫综合征，包括冠状病毒病2019中都发挥重要作用。本综述强调了PAI-1的复杂性，并要求更好地了解这种复杂的SERPIN在（病理）生理过程中的功能。转载自Thieme 。版权所有。

Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), a SERPIN inhibitor, is primarily known for its regulation of fibrinolysis. However, it is now known that this inhibitor functions and contributes to many (patho)physiological processes including inflammation, wound healing, cell adhesion, and tumor progression.This review discusses the past, present, and future roles of PAI-1, with a particular focus on the discovery of this inhibitor in the 1970s and subsequent characterization in health and disease. Throughout the past few decades diverse functions of this serpin have unraveled and it is now considered an important player in many disease processes. PAI-1 is expressed by numerous cell types, including megakaryocytes and platelets, adipocytes, endothelial cells, hepatocytes, and smooth muscle cells. In the circulation PAI-1 exists in two pools, within plasma itself and in platelet α-granules. Platelet PAI-1 is secreted following activation with retention of the inhibitor on the activated platelet membrane. Furthermore, these anucleate cells contain PAI-1 messenger ribonucleic acid to allow de novo synthesis.Outside of the traditional role of PAI-1 in fibrinolysis, this serpin has also been identified to play important roles in metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, and most recently, acute respiratory distress syndrome, including coronavirus disease 2019 disease. This review highlights the complexity of PAI-1 and the requirement to ascertain a better understanding on how this complex serpin functions in (patho)physiological processes.Thieme. All rights reserved.