免疫肿瘤学传统上聚焦于适应性免疫反应的细胞部分，同时将肿瘤促进活动归因于携带肿瘤的宿主的体液反应。这种观点源于不一定能够始终重现在大多数人类癌症中观察到的抗体响应过程的鼠模型。近年来，该领域重新考虑了T细胞和B细胞反应在抗肿瘤免疫中的协调作用，就像在任何其他免疫反应中一样。因此，最近的人类癌症研究发现B细胞反应与更好的结果有关，通常与更优秀的T细胞反应相关。一个特别感兴趣的领域是第三类淋巴结构，其中生发中心产生同型切换抗体，B细胞和T淋巴细胞与其他免疫细胞类型相互作用。这些淋巴结构的存在与更好的免疫治疗反应相关，并且仍然不太了解。在这里，我们讨论了最近关于如何协调体液和细胞反应以实现有效的免疫压力对抗恶性进展的发现，提供了关于第三类淋巴结构的作用以及诱导其形成侵袭性肿瘤治疗的干预措施的观点。 版权所有©2022 Elsevier Ltd.

Immuno-oncology has traditionally focused on the cellular arm of the adaptive immune response, while attributing tumor-promoting activity to humoral responses in tumor-bearing hosts. This view stems from mouse models that do not necessarily recapitulate the antibody response process consistently observed in most human cancers. In recent years, the field has reconsidered the coordinated action of T and B cell responses in the context of anti-tumor immunity, as in any other immune response. Thus, recent studies in human cancer identify B cell responses with better outcome, typically in association with superior T cell responses. An area of particular interest is tertiary lymphoid structures, where germinal centers produce isotype switched antibodies and B cells and T lymphocytes interact with other immune cell types. The presence of these lymphoid structures is associated with better immunotherapeutic responses and remain poorly understood. Here, we discuss recent discoveries on how coordination between humoral and cellular responses is required for effective immune pressure against malignant progression, providing a perspective on the role of tertiary lymphoid structures and interventions to elicit their formation in unresectable tumors.Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier Ltd.