疼痛性良性骨肿瘤最常影响儿童患者及年轻成年人，它们可能与与骨骼相关的事件（如难治性疼痛、病理性骨折、神经功能障碍等）有关，这些事件可能是因为神经或脊髓被压迫，以及生长障碍。因此，它们通常会导致活动减少并且不利地影响生活质量。近年来，经皮微创影像引导干预治疗疼痛性良性骨肿瘤已经有了实质性进展，包括热疗法（射频消融、冷冻消融、微波消融、激光光凝、高强度聚焦超声消融）、化学消融（酒精消融）、股骨颈内固定术以及病灶内注射等方法。这些干预治疗的安全性、有效性和延续性已得到了最近的文献证实，因此肌肉骨骼干预放射科医师在管理良性骨病变患者的护理方面的角色显著扩展。经微创影像导向的肌肉骨骼干预治疗的治疗目标是实现最终治愈。作者详细介绍了最近微创影像引导经皮干预治疗良性骨肿瘤的最新进展和可用武器库，以达到治疗目的。 © RSNA, 2022.

Painful benign bone tumors most commonly affect pediatric patients and young adults. They may be associated with skeletal-related events such as intractable pain, pathologic fracture, neurologic deficit as a consequence of nerve or spinal cord compression, as well as growth disturbance. Consequently, they often result in diminished activity and adversely affect quality of life. There have been substantial recent advances in percutaneous minimally invasive image-guided interventions for treatment of painful benign bone tumors including thermal ablation (radiofrequency ablation, cryoablation, microwave ablation, laser photocoagulation, and high-intensity focused US ablation), chemical (alcohol) ablation, cementoplasty, and intralesional injections. The safety, efficacy, and durability of such interventions have been established in the recent literature and as such, the role of musculoskeletal interventional radiologists in the care of patients with benign bone lesions has substantially expanded. The treatment goal of minimally invasive musculoskeletal interventions in patients with benign bone tumors is to achieve definitive cure. The authors detail the most recent advances and available armamentarium in minimally invasive image-guided percutaneous interventions with curative intent for the management of benign bone tumors. © RSNA, 2022.