为研究康复后3年期间身体和心理功能的变化和预测因素。这是一项前瞻性队列研究。研究对象为住在挪威西部且接受体质专业跨学科康复治疗(共984人)的各种疾病患者。采用医学成果研究简式36项目测评工具(SF-36)，分别于入院时(基线)、1年和3年后进行身体和心理功能评估。采用线性混合模型分析SF-36成分总分的变化与连贯性感，疼痛，疾病群(肌肉骨骼，肿瘤，心血管，神经系统，其他)，运动习惯和人口统计学变量之间的关联。在整个群体中，身体成分总分均值(标准差)在1年和3年时分别提高了2.9 (8.4)和3.4 (9.3)分。心理成分总分分别提高了2.1(9.7)和1.6(10.8)分。在连贯性感高的患者群体中，身体成分总分得到明显的提高(b = 0.09, p = 0.001)，而肿瘤患者的提高更为显著(b = 2.13, p = 0.046)。在连贯性感较低且教育水平较高的患者中，心理成分总分得到明显的提高(b = -0.13, p = < 0.001, 和b = 3.02, p = 0.0302)。与年龄的交互作用(身体成分总分b = 0.22, p = 0.039 /心理成分总分b = 0.51, p = 0.006)表明在1年和3年时的效应大不相同。整个研究群体在3年的时间内身体和心理功能得到了改善。基线时的连贯性感与身体和心理功能的改善有关，这表明应对资源对康复至关重要。

To investigate changes and predictors of change in physical and mental function over a 3-year period after rehabilitation.Prospective cohort.Patients, across diseases, living in western Norway, accepted for somatic specialized interprofessional rehabilitation (n = 984).Physical and mental function were assessed at admittance (baseline), and after 1 and 3 years using the Medical Outcome Study Short Form 36 (SF-36). Associations between changes in SF-36 component summary scores and sense of coherence, pain, disease group (musculoskeletal, neoplasm, cardiovascular, neurological, other), exercise habits and demographic variables were analysed using linear mixed modelling.In the total group, mean (standard deviation) physical component summary scores improved by 2.9 (8.4) and 3.4 (9.3) points at 1 and 3 years, respectively. Mental component summary scores improved by 2.1 (9.7) and 1.6 (10.8) points. Improvement in physical component summary was significantly greater for patients with higher sense of coherence (b = 0.09, p = 0.001) and for the neoplasm disease group (b = 2.13, p = 0.046). Improvement in mental component summary was significantly greater for patients with low sense of coherence (b = -0.13, p = < 0.001) and higher level of education (b = 3.02, p = 0.0302). Interaction with age (physical component summary: b = 0.22, p = 0.039/mental component summary b = 0.51, p = 0.006) indicated larger effect at 1 year than at 3 years.Physical and mental function improved in the total study group over the 3-year period. Sense of coherence at baseline was associated with improved physical and mental function, suggesting that coping resources are important in rehabilitation.