基于生物流体的生物标记物检测在前列腺癌（PCa）临床实践中具有很大的潜力。细胞外囊泡（EV）已被证实在癌症发展中是细胞间信使，EV载体包括蛋白质和核酸，具有作为生物流体生物标记物的潜力。最近的临床研究已经开始评估基于EV的生物标记物对PCa诊断、预后和疾病/治疗抗性监测的作用。有希望的结果已经引导了PCa EV标记物验证研究，目前正在进行中，下一个挑战是将其转化为强大的临床测定。然而，EV研究通常使用低通量EV分离方法和昂贵的分子分析技术，这些技术不适用于临床测定。在这里，我们考虑将EV生物标记物研究结果转化为精确和经济的临床生物标记物测定所面临的技术障碍。新颖的微流控装置将EV提取与灵敏的抗体基础的生物标记物检测相结合，已经在快速提供个性化医疗方法方面探索用于现场检测。 版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier Ltd.

Biofluid-based biomarker tests hold great promise for precision medicine in prostate cancer (PCa) clinical practice. Extracellular vesicles (EV) are established as intercellular messengers in cancer development with EV cargos, including protein and nucleic acids, having the potential to serve as biofluid-based biomarkers. Recent clinical studies have begun to evaluate EV-based biomarkers for PCa diagnosis, prognosis, and disease/therapy resistance monitoring. Promising results have led to PCa EV biomarker validation studies which are currently underway with the next challenge being translation to robust clinical assays. However, EV research studies generally use low throughput EV isolation methods and costly molecular profiling technologies that are not suitable for clinical assays. Here, we consider the technical hurdles in translating EV biomarker research findings into precise and cost-effective clinical biomarker assays. Novel microfluidic devices coupling EV extraction with sensitive antibody-based biomarker detection are already being explored for point-of-care applications for rapid provision in personalised medicine approaches.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.