睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤（GCT）是年轻男性中最常见的恶性肿瘤。大多数患者出现早期病变，这种病变具有高度的可治愈性。对于I期疾病，治疗选择包括观察、腹膜后淋巴结清扫（RPLND）和全身化疗。对于II期疾病，全身治疗一直是治疗的主要方法。然而，最近研究表明，主要的RPLND对于低量转移GCT的治疗是有效的，并且为有风险患上全身治疗后遗症的年轻男性避免了化疗的好处。在这个叙述性的迷你评论中，我们评估了主要RPLND管理I期和低量转移GCT的数据。患者摘要：这个迷你评论讨论了涉及清除腹膜后淋巴结手术治疗I期和低量II期睾丸癌的作用。我们发现对于选择良好的患者，手术治愈大多数病例，并避免了全身化疗所带来的风险。Copyright © 2023 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Testicular germ cell tumors (GCTs) are the most common malignancy among young males. The majority of patients present with early stages of the disease that are highly curable. For stage I disease, treatment options include surveillance, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND), and systemic chemotherapy. For stage II disease, systemic therapy had been the mainstay of treatment. However, it has recently been shown that primary RPLND is effective as a treatment for low-volume metastatic GCT and offers the benefit of avoiding chemotherapy in young men at risk of suffering the long-term sequelae of systemic treatments. In this narrative mini-review, we evaluate the data on primary RPLND for the management of stage I and low-volume metastatic GCT. PATIENT SUMMARY: This mini-review discusses the role of surgery involving removal of retroperitoneal lymph nodes for stage I and low-volume stage II testicular cancer. We found that for well-selected patients, surgery can be curative in the majority of cases and avoids the risks associated with systemic chemotherapy.Copyright © 2023 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.