连续接触环境微纳塑料（MNPLs）可能对人类造成潜在健康影响，这已经引起了越来越多的关注。由于它们的持久性，MNPLs可能会在不同的器官和组织中积累，并在长期内导致癌症的发展。本研究旨在回顾现有文献，评估MNPLs的致癌潜能。由于直接评估癌变性的研究很少，因此在文献检索中考虑与癌变过程相关的间接结果的研究。经过筛选，126项研究中有19项符合纳入标准。此外，通过仔细阅读之前选定文献的交叉引用文章，还有7篇符合纳入标准的文章被包括在评估中。大多数被选出的研究是使用体外模型进行的，约40％的研究是在啮齿动物身上进行的，尽管它们中没有包括2年的致癌性测定。大部分被评估的研究指出MNPLs诱导炎症和基因毒性的潜力，后者被认为是致癌性的强预测因素。这些和其他重要发现，如MNPLs能够积累到细胞和组织中，或者其诱导纤维化的能力，可能暗示MNPLs暴露与致癌潜在存在关联。然而，有限的可用研究数量使得无法得出清晰的结论。因此，本研究还提供了几项建议，以填补当前知识空白，并解决将来评估MNPLs致癌风险的问题。版权所有©2023作者。由Elsevier B.V.出版。保留所有权利。

There is a growing concern regarding the potential health effects that continuous exposure to environmental micro- and nano-plastics (MNPLs) may cause on humans. Due to their persistent nature, MNPLs may accumulate in different organs and tissues and may induce in the long term the development of cancer. The present study aimed to review the existing literature on the carcinogenic potential of MNPLs. As studies directly assessing carcinogenicity were expected to be scarce, studies dealing with indirect outcomes associated with the carcinogenic process were considered in the literature search. Of the 126 studies screened, 19 satisfied the inclusion criteria. Besides, 7 additional cross-referenced articles, identified through a careful reading of the previously selected papers, also met the inclusion criteria and, consequently, were included in the review. Most of the selected studies were performed using in vitro models whereas about 40% of the studies were done in rodents, although none of them included a 2-year carcinogenicity assay. Most of the reviewed studies pointed out the potential of MNPLs to induce inflammation and genotoxicity, the latter being recognized as a strong predictor of carcinogenicity. These, along with other important findings such as the MNPLs' ability to accumulate into cells and tissues, or their capacity to induce fibrosis, may suggest an association between MNPLs exposures and the carcinogenic potential. Nevertheless, the limited number of available studies precludes reaching clear conclusions. Therefore, this review also provides several recommendations to cover the current knowledge gaps and address the future evaluation of the MNPLs' carcinogenic risk.Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.