抑制血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的血管生成作用的药物已成为癌症治疗中重要的手段。它们的优良效果的缺陷是常见的心血管副作用。到目前为止，在VEGF抑制剂的心血管副作用中最一致的发现是高发生率的高血压。在这个简短的评论中，我们讨论了高血压在VEGF抑制剂治疗期间是由微血管稀疏引起的证据。在回顾VEGF在微血管生长和分化中的作用后，我们介绍了在高血压实验模型和VEGF抑制剂治疗期间及之后微血管网络变化的临床研究的证据。

Drugs acting by inhibition of the angiogenic action of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) have become major instruments in the treatment of cancer. The downside of their favorable effects in cancer treatment is their frequent cardiovascular side effects. The most consistent finding thus far on the cardiovascular side effects of VEGF inhibitor is the high incidence of hypertension. In this short review, we discuss the evidence that hypertension during VEGF inhibitor treatment is caused by microvascular rarefaction. After a review of the role of VEGF in microvascular growth and differentiation, we present evidence from studies in experimental models of hypertension as well as clinical studies on the microvascular network changes during and after VEGF inhibitor treatment.