肝癌如肝细胞癌（HCC）的肿瘤微环境（TME）由复杂的肝组织驻留细胞，浸润的免疫细胞和分泌因子组成，共同促进肿瘤生长和进展。细胞间交流有助于组织稳态，并在损伤、炎症和肿瘤发生过程中发生扰动，这对于肿瘤进展非常重要。细胞外囊泡（EV）介导的RNA分子负载转移，作为细胞间信号传递的方式，在TME中维持了组织稳态中发挥着重要作用。 EV介导信号传递已被证实与几种RNA类型相关。在肝脏内，可通过EV RNA信号调节的生物过程包括肿瘤生长、侵袭、转移、血管生成和免疫细胞活性调节。本文简要介绍了肝TME，以及肝脏内EV RNA介导信号的生物效应，强调了EV RNA在细胞间通讯中的作用。 版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier B.V.。

The tumor microenvironment (TME) in liver cancers such as hepatocellular cancer (HCC) consists of a complex milieu of liver tissue-resident cells, infiltrated immune cells, and secreted factors that collectively serve to promote tumor growth and progression. Intercellular crosstalk contributes to tissue homeostasis, and perturbations during injury, inflammation and tumorigenesis that are important for tumor progression. Extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated transfer of a payload of RNA molecules that serve as an intercellular signaling is an important contributor to tissue homeostasis within the TME. Several types of RNA have been implicated in EV-mediated signaling. Biological processes that can be modulated by EV RNA signaling within the liver include tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and modulation of the immune cell activities. This mini-review describes the liver TME, and the biological effects of EV RNA-mediated signaling within the liver to highlight the role of EV RNA in intercellular communication.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.