免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）已经大大改变了转移性肾细胞癌（mRCC）的全身治疗。对于那些对首先接受的ICI治疗产生反应的患者，延迟的细胞减灭性肾切除术（CN）可能会带来生存优势。期待来自正在进行中的试验进一步的数据，以了解ICI时代针对mRCC的延迟与即刻CN之间的作用。 患者简介：目前针对已经扩散到其他部位的肾癌的一线治疗是免疫疗法。对于那些对这种治疗有良好反应的患者，通过手术切除肾脏以控制原发肿瘤可能会带来生存效益。需要更多的临床试验证实该方法的功效。 版权所有©2023 Elsevier B.V. 发布

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have led to substantial changes in systemic treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). For patients whose metastases respond to upfront ICI therapy, deferred cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) may confer a survival advantage. Further data from ongoing trials are awaited regarding the role of deferred versus immediate CN for mRCC in the ICI era. PATIENT SUMMARY: The first-line treatment currently recommended for kidney cancer that has spread to other sites is immunotherapy. For patients who experience a good response to this treatment, surgical kidney removal to control the primary tumor may have a survival benefit. More evidence from clinical trials is needed to confirm the efficacy of this approach.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.