APOBEC胞嘧啶核苷酸脱氨酶家族与癌变中的突变签名相关联。虽然先前的研究已经阐明了APOBEC3A和APOBEC3B在癌变的突变过程中的作用，但对其他APOBEC家族成员诱导的突变签名的理解有限。在这期《癌症研究》杂志上，刘教授及其同事调查了APOBEC3G（A3G）在膀胱癌中的作用。作者揭示，转基因表达A3G在小鼠膀胱癌模型中促进了肿瘤发生，并引起了一种独特的与以前鉴定的APOBEC签名不同的突变签名。这个与A3G相关的突变签名的表达与尿路上皮膜膀胱癌患者的更糟生存率相关，并且A3G表达在21种不同的癌症类型中都有发现。这些发现表明，不同的APOBEC3酶会诱导独特的突变签名，并在癌症演化中发挥不同的作用。更深入地了解每种APOBEC3酶的功能将有益于抗癌治疗。参见刘等人的相关文章，第506页。©2023年美国癌症研究协会。

The APOBEC cytidine deaminase enzyme family is linked to mutational signatures identified in cancer. While previous work has provided insights into the role of APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B in mutational processes in cancer, understanding of the mutational signatures induced by other APOBEC family members is limited. In this issue of Cancer Research, Liu and colleagues investigated the role of APOBEC3G (A3G) in bladder cancer. The authors revealed that transgenic expression of A3G in a murine bladder cancer model promotes tumorigenesis and induces a unique mutational signature distinct from previously identified APOBEC signatures. Expression of this A3G-related mutational signature correlated with significantly worse survival in patients with urothelial bladder carcinoma, and A3G expression was identified in 21 different cancer types. These findings suggest that different APOBEC3 enzymes induce unique mutation signatures and play distinct roles in cancer evolution. More complete understanding of the function of each APOBEC3 enzyme will improve anticancer therapy. See related article by Liu et al., p. 506.©2023 American Association for Cancer Research.