双酚A (BPA) 是一种内分泌干扰物质 (ED)，广泛用于塑料工业中作为共聚物或添加剂。它可以在食品和饮料塑料包装、环氧树脂、热敏纸和其他常见产品中找到。迄今为止，只有几项实验研究探讨了BPA对人类和哺乳动物卵泡颗粒细胞 (GCs) 在体外和体内的影响；所收集到的证据数据显示，BPA通过改变类固醇生成和基因表达，诱导自噬、细胞凋亡和细胞氧化应激，并产生反应性氧化物 (ROS) 来负面影响GCs。接触BPA还可能导致异常受限或升高细胞增殖，甚至可以降低细胞活力。因此，对于BPA等EDs的研究非常重要，因为它们提供了一些重要见解，有关不孕、卵巢癌和其他与卵巢和GC功能受损有关的疾病的成因和发展。叶酸，一种维生素B9的生物形式，是一种甲基供体，可以中和BPA暴露的毒性影响，并作为一种常见的食品补充剂，是研究其对普遍有害的EDs如BPA的保护作用的有趣选择。

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor (ED), widely used as a comonomer or an additive in the plastics industry. It can be found in food and beverage plastic packaging, epoxy resins, thermal paper and other common products. To date, there have only been several experimental studies to have examined how BPA exposure affects human and mammalian follicular granulosa cells (GCs) in vitro and in vivo; the collected evidence data shows that BPA negatively affects the GCs by altering steroidogenesis and gene expression, inducing autophagy, apoptosis and cellular oxidative stress through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Exposure to BPA can also lead to abnormally constrained or elevated cellular proliferation and can even reduce cell viability. Therefore, research on EDs such as BPA is important as it provides some important insights into the causes and development of infertility, ovarian cancer and other conditions, related to impaired ovarian and GC function. Folic acid, a biologic form of vitamin B9, is a methyl donor that can neutralize toxic effects of the BPA exposure and is, as a common food supplement, an interesting option for researching its protective role against ubiquitous harmful EDs such as BPA.