随着年龄的增长，造血干细胞（HSC）的再生、分化和产生整个成熟的血液和免疫细胞的能力受到损害。由于造血功能障碍，老年人患血液恶性肿瘤的发病率增加。在这里，我们提供了造血干细胞内因和外因及其过程的最新更新，这些因素已被发现对HSC衰退过程有所贡献。此外，我们还讨论了在老年人中维持HSC功能的干预方法的目标和时机，以及这些相同的目标对防止或延迟血液恶性肿瘤转化的程度。版权所有©2023美国血液学会。

With aging, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have an impaired ability to regenerate, differentiate, and produce the entire repertoire of mature blood and immune cells. Due to dysfunctional hematopoiesis, the incidence of hematologic malignancies increases in elderly individuals. Here, we provide an update on HSC-intrinsic and HSC-extrinsic factors and processes recently discovered to contribute to functional decline of HSCs during aging. In addition, we discuss targets and timing of intervention approaches to maintain HSC function during aging and the extent to which these same targets may prevent or delay transformation to hematologic malignancies.Copyright © 2023 American Society of Hematology.