在切除结肠息肉的个体中，建议定期进行肠镜检查以预防随后的结直肠癌。研究了在综合医疗保健系统中根据2006年美国多学会任务组（USMSTF）建议使用息肉切除后监测。在马萨诸塞州常规检查结肠镜检查队列中，对2007-2012年间通过筛查结肠镜检查去除高风险息肉的3691名患者进行了监测肠镜检查的前瞻性评估。在2017年的后续跟踪中，评估了根据2006年美国多学会任务组（USMSTF）建议进行的监测措施的遵从性、过度使用和低估使用。还研究了按人口统计学因素进行的监测使用情况。在中位随访4.4年（第5百分位数，第95百分位数，1.0，9.9）期间，有2,360名（64％）患者进行了监测肠镜检查，其中758名（21％）符合USMSTF建议。观察到了62％的监测结肠镜检查严重低估的情况。年龄较大和收入较低的患者发生低估的发生率较高，而患有结直肠癌家族史的患者低估的发生率较低。17％的患者存在过度使用监测结肠镜检查的情况，但与人口统计学因素无显着关联。观察到高风险息肉患者中有相当数量的监测严重低估，特别是那些收入较低且年龄较大的患者。需要努力改善高风险结直肠癌患者的监测结肠镜检查的使用。美国多学会任务组建议在肠道息肉切除后进行后续监测肠镜检查，间隔时间取决于最严重的发现。在高风险息肉患者中进行了最长达10年的后续随访的大型研究中，只有21％的患者遵守监测建议，而62％的患者显示出延迟或没有使用监测的情况。研究结果强调需要改善高风险结直肠癌患者的监测结肠镜检查的使用。 © 2023年美国癌症协会。

Individuals with colorectal polypectomy are recommended to undergo surveillance colonoscopies at certain intervals to prevent subsequent colorectal cancer. Use of postpolypectomy surveillance according to the 2006 US Multi-Society Task Force (USMSTF) recommendations in an integrated health care system was investigated.Use of surveillance colonoscopies was prospectively assessed among 3691 patients with removal of high-risk polyps at a screening colonoscopy during 2007-2012 in the Mass General Brigham Colonoscopy Cohort. With the follow-up up to 2017, the compliance with, overuse, and underuse of postpolypectomy surveillance according to the 2006 USMSTF recommendations was assessed. Surveillance use according to demographic factors was also investigated.During a median follow-up of 4.4 years (5th percentile, 95th percentile, 1.0, 9.9) 2360 (64%) patients had undergone a surveillance colonoscopy, among whom 758 (21%) were considered compliant with the USMSTF recommendations. A substantial underuse of surveillance colonoscopies of 62% was observed. Older age and lower income were associated with a higher incidence of underuse, whereas having a family history of colorectal cancer were associated with lower incidence of underuse. Overuse of surveillance colonoscopies was present in 17% of patients but showed no significant associations with demographic factors.Substantial underuse of surveillance in patients with high-risk polyps was observed, particularly those with low income and older age. Efforts are needed to improve delivery and use of surveillance colonoscopy.The US Multi-Society Task Force recommends follow-up surveillance colonoscopy after polyp removal in the bowel, with intervals depending on the most severe findings. Adherence to surveillance recommendations in a large study with up to 10 years of follow-up among patients with high-risk polyps was investigated. Only 21% of patients adhered to the surveillance recommendations, whereas 62% showed delayed or no use of surveillance. Findings highlight the need for improved use of surveillance colonoscopy among patients at high risk of colorectal cancer.© 2023 American Cancer Society.