静脉血栓栓塞（VTE）是急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）患儿的并发症。中国儿童肿瘤组-ALL-2015协议在中国实施，分析了与VTE相关的流行病学、临床特征和危险因素。我们在20家医院进行的多机构临床研究中收集了7640例ALL患者的VTE数据，时间跨度为2015年1月至2019年12月。首先，其中159例（2.08％）患者出现了VTE，包括90例（56.6％）在诱导治疗期间，以及108例（67.92％）在上肢发生。T-ALL患者患VTE的风险增加了1.74倍（95％CI 1.08-2.8，P = 0.022）。败血症作为ALL治疗的不良事件，可以显著促进VTE的发生（P <0.001）。导管相关性血栓形成（CRT）占75.47％（n = 120）；症状性VTE占58.49％（n = 93），在12-18岁的患者中更为常见（P = 0.023），非CRT患者（P <0.001）或患有脑血栓的患者（P <0.001）。经抗凝治疗治疗的VTE患者（n = 147）中，4.08％（n = 6）患有出血。VTE复发率为5.03％（n = 8）。通过非超声引导的静脉穿刺治疗的VTE患者（P = 0.02），残留血栓（P = 0.006）或短抗凝期的患者（P = 0.026）具有高复发率。因此，预防重复静脉穿刺和适当延长抗凝时间可以降低VTE复发的风险。 © 2022年。高等教育出版社。

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a complication in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The Chinese Children's Cancer Group-ALL-2015 protocol was carried out in China, and epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and risk factors associated with VTE were analyzed. We collected data on VTE in a multi-institutional clinical study of 7640 patients with ALL diagnosed in 20 hospitals from January 2015 to December 2019. First, VTE occurred in 159 (2.08%) patients, including 90 (56.6%) during induction therapy and 108 (67.92%) in the upper extremities. T-ALL had a 1.74-fold increased risk of VTE (95% CI 1.08-2.8, P = 0.022). Septicemia, as an adverse event of ALL treatment, can significantly promote the occurrence of VTE (P < 0.001). Catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) accounted for 75.47% (n = 120); and, symptomatic VTE, 58.49% (n = 93), which was more common in patients aged 12-18 years (P = 0.023), non-CRT patients (P < 0.001), or patients with cerebral thrombosis (P < 0.001). Of the patients with VTE treated with anticoagulation therapy (n = 147), 4.08% (n = 6) had bleeding. The VTE recurrence rate was 5.03% (n = 8). Patients with VTE treated by non-ultrasound-guided venous cannulation (P = 0.02), with residual thrombus (P = 0.006), or with short anticoagulation period (P = 0.026) had high recurrence rates. Thus, preventing repeated venous puncture and appropriately prolonged anticoagulation time can reduce the risk of VTE recurrence.© 2022. Higher Education Press.