子宫腺和它们所分泌的物质，影响子宫的受精卵着床、基质细胞间皮化及胎盘发育等过程。月经周期中对腺体功能的变化主要受雌激素（E2）和孕激素（P4）的调控，同时也受到来自基质外源性因素的影响。利用人类子宫内膜上皮器官体系，转录组和蛋白质组分析确定了器官体系对于甾体激素和PGE2前列腺素的不同反应。值得注意的是，P4和PGE2调节了器官体系腺体细胞末端的蛋白质分泌，特别是卵巢素Cystatin C（CST3）、血清素成员A 3（SERPINA3）和Stanniocalcin 1（STC1）。其中，CST3对于甾体激素和PGE2在体外的基质细胞间皮化反应产生了抑制作用，但SERPINA3和STC1则没有。这些研究结果表明了子宫腺体分泌的因素会影响基质细胞的间皮化作用，对于女性的怀孕及生育能力具有重要的意义。©作者（S）2023年。由牛津大学出版社代表欧洲人类生殖和胚胎学协会出版。版权所有。如需授权，请发送电子邮件至：journals.permissions@oup.com。

Uterine glands and, by inference, their secretions impact uterine receptivity, blastocyst implantation, stromal cell decidualization, and placental development. Changes in gland function across the menstrual cycle are primarily governed by the steroid hormones estrogen (E2) and progesterone (P4) but can also be influenced by extrinsic factors from the stroma. Using a human endometrial epithelial organoid system, transcriptome and proteome analyses identified distinct responses of the organoids to steroid hormones and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Notably, P4 and PGE2 modulated the basolateral secretion of organoid proteins, particularly cystatin C (CST3), serpin family A member 3 (SERPINA3), and stanniocalcin 1 (STC1). CST3, but not SERPINA3 or STC1, attenuated the in vitro stromal decidualization response to steroid hormones and PGE2. These findings provide evidence that uterine gland-derived factors impact stromal cell decidualization, which has implications for pregnancy establishment and fertility in women.© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.