上皮性卵巢癌（EOC）是女性癌症相关死亡的前五大原因之一，主要由于恶性细胞在诊断前早期散播至腹膜。尽管医学治疗有所改善，特别是采用针对同源重组缺陷的新型药物，但是患有EOC的患者的生存率仍然很低。与其他肿瘤不同，EOC对免疫检查点抑制剂仍然相对不敏感，这与肿瘤微环境（TME）有关，该TME以免疫细胞浸润不足和以具有促癌性质的免疫成分为主的活性免疫抑制为特征，特别是肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAMs）。近年来，TAMs作为潜在的治疗靶点受到关注，试图通过寻求扭转TME中的免疫抑制和增强免疫疗法的临床疗效。在这里，我们回顾了影响肿瘤进展的TAMs的关键生物特征以及它们作为治疗EOC潜在靶点的相关性。我们特别关注治疗方法，即调节EOC TME中的TAMs的招募，极化，存活和功能特性，以开发优越的免疫疗法联合方案，用于患有EOC的患者的临床护理。©作者（或其雇主）2023年。在CC BY-NC下允许重新使用。不允许商业再使用。由BMJ出版。

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is among the top five causes of cancer-related death in women, largely reflecting early, prediagnosis dissemination of malignant cells to the peritoneum. Despite improvements in medical therapies, particularly with the implementation of novel drugs targeting homologous recombination deficiency, the survival rates of patients with EOC remain low. Unlike other neoplasms, EOC remains relatively insensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitors, which is correlated with a tumor microenvironment (TME) characterized by poor infiltration by immune cells and active immunosuppression dominated by immune components with tumor-promoting properties, especially tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). In recent years, TAMs have attracted interest as potential therapeutic targets by seeking to reverse the immunosuppression in the TME and enhance the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy. Here, we review the key biological features of TAMs that affect tumor progression and their relevance as potential targets for treating EOC. We especially focus on the therapies that might modulate the recruitment, polarization, survival, and functional properties of TAMs in the TME of EOC that can be harnessed to develop superior combinatorial regimens with immunotherapy for the clinical care of patients with EOC.© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.