蛋白质的胞内定位的测定对于理解其生物学功能非常重要。主要在原生和第二类脊椎动物细胞系中进行蛋白定位研究，其中大多数方案已经优化。尽管实验方案存在难点，关于无脊椎动物细胞的研究，包括基础后生动物的研究，已经取得了巨大进展。近年来，从进化角度研究人类疾病的兴趣显著增加。作为动物树的基础，海绵是一种简单的动物，没有真正的组织和器官，但拥有包含多种基因的复杂基因组，其中的人类同源基因已被证实与癌症等人类疾病有关。因此，海绵是阐明参与癌症的蛋白质的基本作用的创新模型。在这项研究中，我们在人类癌细胞、人类成纤维细胞和海绵细胞中过表达了与癌症有关的人类蛋白质及其海绵同源蛋白质。我们证明了人类和海绵鸟嘌呤核苷酸结合蛋白MYC定位于细胞核，RRAS2定位于质膜，内溶酶体囊泡的膜和DRG1定位于细胞的细胞质。尽管海绵细胞的转染效率非常低，但我们观察到人类蛋白质及其海绵同源蛋白质的相同定位，说明它们具有类似的细胞功能。

The determination of the protein's intracellular localization is essential for understanding its biological function. Protein localization studies are mainly performed on primary and secondary vertebrate cell lines for which most protocols have been optimized. In spite of experimental difficulties, studies on invertebrate cells, including basal Metazoa, have greatly advanced. In recent years, the interest in studying human diseases from an evolutionary perspective has significantly increased. Sponges, placed at the base of the animal tree, are simple animals without true tissues and organs but with a complex genome containing many genes whose human homologs have been implicated in human diseases, including cancer. Therefore, sponges are an innovative model for elucidating the fundamental role of the proteins involved in cancer. In this study, we overexpressed human cancer-related proteins and their sponge homologs in human cancer cells, human fibroblasts, and sponge cells. We demonstrated that human and sponge MYC proteins localize in the nucleus, the RRAS2 in the plasma membrane, the membranes of the endolysosomal vesicles, and the DRG1 in the cell's cytosol. Despite the very low transfection efficiency of sponge cells, we observed an identical localization of human proteins and their sponge homologs, indicating their similar cellular functions.