缺乏足够的肿瘤内CD8+ T淋巴细胞，是肿瘤免疫治疗的一个重要障碍。高内皮静脉（HEVs）是器官特异性的、具有专门功能的后毛细血管静脉，独特地促进淋巴细胞向淋巴结（LNs）和其他二级淋巴器官（SLOs）的越过。在人类和小鼠的肿瘤组织中也可以形成HEV（肿瘤HEV TU-HEVs）。TU-HEVs可以促进漫延的T细胞富集聚集或第三淋巴样结构（TLSs）的形成，与良好的预后常常有关。因此，通过诱导TU-HEVs的治疗性产生，可以克服T细胞被排斥于肿瘤微环境中的主要限制，从而提供诱导和维持免疫治疗效力的有吸引力的途径。在本综述中，我们提供了有关HEV在LN和肿瘤中形成和调节的共同点和差异的现有见解，并讨论了TU-HEVs在引发、预测和协助抗肿瘤免疫中的特定功能和意义。版权所有© 2023 Elsevier Inc. 所有权利已保留。

The lack of sufficient intratumoral CD8+ T lymphocytes is a significant obstacle to effective immunotherapy in cancer. High endothelial venules (HEVs) are organ-specific and specialized postcapillary venules uniquely poised to facilitate the transmigration of lymphocytes to lymph nodes (LNs) and other secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs). HEVs can also form in human and murine cancer (tumor HEVs [TU-HEVs]) and contribute to the generation of diffuse T cell-enriched aggregates or tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), which are commonly associated with a good prognosis. Thus, therapeutic induction of TU-HEVs may provide attractive avenues to induce and sustain the efficacy of immunotherapies by overcoming the major restriction of T cell exclusion from the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we provide current insight into the commonalities and discrepancies of HEV formation and regulation in LNs and tumors and discuss the specific function and significance of TU-HEVs in eliciting, predicting, and aiding anti-tumoral immunity.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.