在英国，确定健康不平等的存在仍是一个高度研究和政策议程项目。我们描述了儿科癌症存活率的种族和社会经济差异，重点是20年间差异变化的程度。对约克郡2674名（0-14岁）儿童的癌症登记数据进行了分析。比较了南亚裔和非南亚裔的种族和Townsend贫困五分位数（I-V）在时间（1997-2016）上对白血病、淋巴瘤、中枢神经系统（CNS）和其他实性肿瘤的5年生存率的影响。来自调整的Cox模型的危险比（HR：95% CI）定量评估了种族和贫困对时间内死亡风险的联合影响，并通过解释贫困系数的因果来构建模型。在1997年至2001年期间，贫困程度的增加与白血病儿童死亡风险显著提高（1.11（1.03-1.20））。虽然我们观察到在该群体中，存活率差异有减少的趋势，但是对于直到2012年被诊断的CNS肿瘤病例来说，却观察到了一个相反的趋势，即结果的差异仍然很大。研究期间，南亚裔患有淋巴瘤的儿童相对于非南亚裔儿童的5年生存率要低15%。即使在英国，一个拥有无差别医疗保健系统的国家，儿童癌症存活的社会经济和种族差异仍然存在。研究结果应该指导资源的使用，以使所有儿童在癌症诊断后都能获得公平的存活率。©2023作者。

Establishing the existence of health inequalities remains a high research and policy agenda item in the United Kingdom. We describe ethnic and socio-economic differences in paediatric cancer survival, focusing specifically on the extent to which disparities have changed over a 20-year period.Cancer registration data for 2674 children (0-14 years) in Yorkshire were analysed. Five-year survival estimates by ethnic group (south Asian/non-south Asian) and Townsend deprivation fifths (I-V) were compared over time (1997-2016) for leukaemia, lymphoma, central nervous system (CNS) and other solid tumours. Hazard ratios (HR: 95% CI) from adjusted Cox models quantified the joint effect of ethnicity and deprivation on mortality risk over time, framed through causal interpretation of the deprivation coefficient.Increasing deprivation was associated with significantly higher risk of death for children with leukaemia (1.11 (1.03-1.20)) and all cancers between 1997 and 2001. While we observed a trend towards reducing differences in survival over time in this group, a contrasting trend was observed for CNS tumours whereby sizeable variation in outcome remained for cases diagnosed until 2012. South Asian children with lymphoma had a 15% reduced chance of surviving at least 5 years compared to non-south Asian, across the study period.Even in the United Kingdom, with a universally accessible healthcare system, socio-economic and ethnic disparities in childhood cancer survival exist. Findings should inform where resources should be directed to provide all children with an equitable survival outcome following a cancer diagnosis.© 2023. The Author(s).