紫背竹葵（Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker Gawl.）是一个著名的中药材，已被传统中药使用了数千年。广泛的体外和体内研究表明，紫背竹葵及其活性化合物在体外对多种癌细胞表现出潜在的抗癌作用，并且在体内抑制肿瘤生长和转移，而不会引起严重的毒性反应。本综述旨在系统概述和讨论紫背竹葵提取物及其活性成分的抗癌效应和潜在机制。该综述遵循报告系统综述和 Meta 分析的指南。使用关键词 Ophiopogon japonicus、tumor、cancer、carcinoma、content、pharmacokinetics 和 toxicity 搜索了包括 Web of Science、PubMed、Scopus 和中国国家知识基础设施等各种科学数据库。紫背竹葵提取物和其活性成分，如 ruscogenin-1-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl(1→2)][β-d-xylopyranosyl(1→3)]-β-d-fucopyranoside (DT-13)、ophiopogonin B、ophiopogonin D 等，表现出潜在的抗癌作用，包括诱导细胞周期阻滞、激活细胞凋亡和自噬，以及抑制转移和血管生成。此外，本文还讨论了这些效应的机制，以及紫背竹葵提取物和活性成分的药代动力学、毒性和临床应用。此外，本文还强调了这些化合物在免疫治疗和联合化疗中的研究和应用前景。传统草药紫背竹葵及其植物化学物质可以作为安全可靠的抗癌药物候选者，作为单独用药或与化疗药物联合使用。我们希望这篇综述能够彰显紫背竹葵的抗癌性能，为药物优化、治疗开发以及基于这种药材的癌症治疗的未来研究做出贡献。版权所有©2023 Elsevier GmbH。保留所有权利。

Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker Gawl., a well-known Chinese herb, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. Extensive in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that O. japonicus and its active compounds exhibit potential anticancer effects in a variety of cancer cells in vitro and suppress tumor growth and metastasis without causing serious toxicity in vivo.This review aims to systemically summarize and discuss the anticancer effects and the underlying mechanisms of O. japonicus extracts and its active compounds.The review is prepared following the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Various scientific databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched using the keywords: Ophiopogon japonicus, tumor, cancer, carcinoma, content, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity.O. japonicus extracts and the active compounds, such as ruscogenin-1-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl(1→2)][β-d-xylopyranosyl(1→3)]-β-d-fucopyranoside (DT-13), ophiopogonin B, and ophiopogonin D, exert potential anticancer effects, including the induction of cell cycle arrest, activation of apoptosis and autophagy, and inhibition of metastasis and angiogenesis. In addition, the mechanisms underlying these effects, as well as the pharmacokinetics, toxicity and clinical utility of O. japonicus extracts and active compounds are discussed. Furthermore, this review highlights the research and application prospects of these compounds in immunotherapy and combination chemotherapy.The traditional herb O. japonicus and its phytochemicals could be safe and reliable anticancer drug candidates, alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs. We hope that this review, which highlights the anticancer properties of O. japonicus, will contribute to drug optimization, therapeutic development, and future studies on cancer therapies based on this medicinal plant.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.