微流控纸基分析器件（μPADs）提供了一种独特的可能性，可以以经济高效、便携和快速的方式检测广泛的小分子、大分子或者甚至微生物。在这方面，电化学检测方法是不同配体定性分析的关键技术。电化学感知μPADs已经被设计出来，用于通过二维/三维（2D/3D）的方法快速、准确、定量地检测癌标志物。首先开发了2D μPADs，然后通过对纸张进行折叠和/或扭曲转变为3D系统。微流控通道和连接在纸张的各层中形成。根据制造方法，3D μPADs可以分为折纸和堆叠装置。在μPADs中制造亲水的通道，可以使用各种制造方法和材料，其中热熔蜡印刷技术是制造μPADs的最常见方法。在本文中，我们讨论μPADs的制造和设计策略，阐述它们的检测模式，并重点介绍它们在亲和性电化学μPADs方法中用于检测癌标志物的应用。版权所有©2023 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。

Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) offer a unique possibility for a cost-effective portable and rapid detection of a wide range of small molecules and macromolecules and even microorganisms. In this line, electrochemical detection methods are key techniques for the qualitative analysis of different types of ligands. The electrochemical sensing μPADs have been devised for the rapid, accurate, and quantitative detection of oncomarkers through two-/three-dimensional (2D/3D) approaches. The 2D μPADs were first developed and then transformed into 3D systems via folding and/or twisting of paper. The microfluidic channels and connections were created within the layers of paper. Based on the fabrication methods, 3D μPADs can be classified into origami and stacking devices. Various fabrication methods and materials have been used to create hydrophilic channels in μPADs, among which the wax printing technique is the most common method in fabricating μPADs. In this review, we discuss the fabrication and design strategies of μPADs, elaborate on their detection modes, and highlight their applications in affinity-based electrochemical μPADs methods for the detection of oncomarkers.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.