临床实践指南主张在癌症免疫治疗期间进行症状和不良事件的常规评估。然而在临床试验之外的实践中，很少见到这种评估。因此，我们旨在识别、评估和综合现有文献，了解癌症患者免疫相关症状和不良事件的评估情况。具体而言，我们旨在确定使用的测量工具、由谁完成以及在何时完成。我们完成了一项综合评估，遵循了既定的方法，包括对电子数据库进行系统文献搜索、筛选、质量评估和数据提取。我们包括了对使用工具或策略评估免疫治疗的癌症患者的症状或不良事件进行报告的主要研究（回顾性或前瞻性）。关心的结果包括：（1）免疫相关症状和不良事件如何评估；（2）评估工具的类型；（3）评估工具使用的频率和管理方式；（4）症状的报告持续时间和强度；和（5）不良事件和相关的管理策略。数据进行了叙述性综合。我们筛选了2138篇文章，并包括了16篇涉及2553名正在接受免疫治疗的癌症患者的文章。所有文章均发表于2018年至2022年之间，并且具有良好的方法论质量。其中7项研究是回顾性的图表审查，其余的研究前瞻性收集数据，其中7项收集患者报告的结果。在收集多个时间点的数据的研究中（n = 6），免疫治疗期间的每周评估是最常见的频率。只有4项研究描述了将评估纳入常规临床实践的潜力。尽管临床实践指南建议在癌症免疫治疗期间常规评估症状和不良事件，但在临床实践中很少有这方面的实例。使用患者报告的结果工具评估免疫治疗的毒性并不常见，但这提供了早期识别症状并促进及时干预的潜力。我们的综述突出了可用的工具、它们如何被使用以及需要在这个领域进行更多的应用研究以优化患者的结果。 版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier Inc.

Clinical practice guidelines advocate for routine assessment of symptoms and adverse events during immunotherapy treatment of cancer. Outside the clinical trial setting, there are few examples of such assessment in practice.To identify, appraise and synthesise the available literature regarding the assessment of immune-related symptoms and adverse events in patients with cancer beyond the clinical trial setting. Specifically, we aimed to identify the measurement instruments used, who completes these and when.We completed an integrative review following established methods including a systematic literature search of electronic databases, a dual process for screening, quality appraisal and data extraction. We included primary studies (retrospective or prospective) reporting the use of instruments or strategies to assess symptoms or adverse events in patients with cancer treated with immunotherapy. Outcomes of interest included: (1) how immune-related symptoms and adverse events were assessed; (2) types of assessment instruments; (3) frequency of instrument use and mode of administration; (4) the reported duration and intensity of symptoms and (5) adverse events and associated management strategies. Data were synthesised narratively.We screened 2138 articles and included 16 articles representing 2553 patients with cancer undergoing immunotherapy. All articles were published between 2018-2022 and were of sound methodological quality. Seven studies were retrospective chart reviews, and the remaining studies prospectively collected data, with seven collecting Patient Reported Outcomes. In studies where data were collected at more than one time point (n=6), weekly assessment during immunotherapy was the most common frequency. The potential for implementation of assessment into routine clinical practice was described in just four studies.Despite recommendations from clinical practice guidelines for routine assessment of symptoms and adverse events during immunotherapy treatment for cancer, there are few examples of how this is undertaken in clinical practice. The use of Patient Reported Outcome measures to assess toxicity from immunotherapy is uncommon but offers the potential to identify symptoms early and facilitate timely intervention. Our review highlights the available instruments, how they have been used and the need for more applied research in this field to optimise patient outcomes.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.