采用基因工程的T细胞的癌症免疫疗法已经成为强大的个性化治疗用药，展示了在血液恶性肿瘤中特别显著的临床和临床前结果。外源表达的嵌合抗原受体(CARs)可重新编程免疫细胞以靶向和消除癌细胞。然而，CAR T细胞治疗的成功取决于有效的抗肿瘤活性和减少有害副作用之间的平衡。为了改善CAR T细胞治疗的预后，并减轻相关的毒性反应，来自不同领域的科学家正在合作，利用最新的分子细胞生物学和合成生物学工具和技术开发下一代产品。免疫疗法领域正在快速发展，新方法和策略以极快的速度报道。本综述旨在提供最新的CAR T细胞活性控制发展概述，以实现更好的安全性，疗效性和灵活性。©2023。作者。

Cancer immunotherapies utilizing genetically engineered T cells have emerged as powerful personalized therapeutic agents showing dramatic preclinical and clinical results, particularly in hematological malignancies. Ectopically expressed chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) reprogram immune cells to target and eliminate cancer. However, CAR T cell therapy's success depends on the balance between effective anti-tumor activity and minimizing harmful side effects. To improve CAR T cell therapy outcomes and mitigate associated toxicities, scientists from different fields are cooperating in developing next-generation products using the latest molecular cell biology and synthetic biology tools and technologies. The immunotherapy field is rapidly evolving, with new approaches and strategies being reported at a fast pace. This comprehensive literature review aims to provide an up-to-date overview of the latest developments in controlling CAR T cell activity for improved safety, efficacy, and flexibility.© 2023. The Author(s).