免疫治疗已经成为癌症治疗的新支柱。虽然已经在个别患者中取得了一些疗效，但总的反应率仍不尽如人意。为此，迫切需要一种理想的临床前动物模型来评估免疫治疗。叙利亚仓鼠在解剖学、生理学和病理学方面与人类相似。值得注意的是，肿瘤的组织学特征、病理进展和肿瘤微环境的复杂性与人类情况相当。本文回顾了叙利亚仓鼠中的当前肿瘤模型及其在免疫检查点抑制剂、细胞因子、细胞治疗、癌症疫苗和肿瘤溶瘤病毒等肿瘤治疗的开发中的最新进展。这些进展有力地证明叙利亚仓鼠是人类癌症治疗免疫治疗开发和评估的理想动物模型。此外，文章还讨论了叙利亚仓鼠作为免疫治疗动物模型所面临的挑战。Copyright © 2023 Jia, Wang, Dunmall, Lemoine, Wang and Wang.

Cancer immunotherapy (CIT) has emerged as an exciting new pillar of cancer treatment. Although benefits have been achieved in individual patients, the overall response rate is still not satisfactory. To address this, an ideal preclinical animal model for evaluating CIT is urgently needed. Syrian hamsters present similar features to humans with regard to their anatomy, physiology, and pathology. Notably, the histological features and pathological progression of tumors and the complexity of the tumor microenvironment are equivalent to the human scenario. This article reviews the current tumor models in Syrian hamster and the latest progress in their application to development of tumor treatments including immune checkpoint inhibitors, cytokines, adoptive cell therapy, cancer vaccines, and oncolytic viruses. This progress strongly advocates Syrian hamster as an ideal animal model for development and assessment of CIT for human cancer treatments. Additionally, the challenges of the Syrian hamster as an animal model for CIT are also discussed.Copyright © 2023 Jia, Wang, Dunmall, Lemoine, Wang and Wang.