CALML5是一种新的诊断标志物，用于区分胸腺鳞癌和B3型胸腺瘤。
CALML5 is a novel diagnostic marker for differentiating thymic squamous cell carcinoma from type B3 thymoma.
发表日期：2023 Mar 16
作者：
Koichiro Kanamori, Kentaro Suina, Takehito Shukuya, Fumiyuki Takahashi, Takuo Hayashi, Kieko Hara, Tsuyoshi Saito, Yoichiro Mitsuishi, Shoko Sonobe Shimamura, Wira Winardi, Ken Tajima, Ryo Ko, Tomoyasu Mimori, Tetsuhiko Asao, Masayoshi Itoh, Hideya Kawaji, Yoshiyuki Suehara, Kazuya Takamochi, Kenji Suzuki, Kazuhisa Takahashi
来源：
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
摘要：
胸腺鳞状细胞癌和B3型胸腺瘤是前纵隔的原发性肿瘤，组织学上有时很难区分。然而，只有一些免疫组化标记可用于鉴别诊断。本研究旨在寻找一种新的标记用于区分胸腺鳞状细胞癌和B3型胸腺瘤。我们使用了1986年至2017年切除的26个胸腺癌和38个B3型胸腺瘤的组织样本。为了寻找差异标记的候选者，使用CAGE测序对样本进行了启动子分析来评估基因表达水平。CALML5基因的启动子水平表达在胸腺癌中显著高于B3型胸腺瘤。我们通过免疫组化法在所有26个胸腺癌和38个B3型胸腺瘤中进一步验证了CAGE分析的结果。 CALML5在26例胸腺癌中的细胞质强烈表达，而在38个B3型胸腺瘤中只有2例表现出蛋白水平的阳性。因此，CALML5作为胸腺癌免疫组织化学诊断标记的灵敏度（73.1％）和特异度（94.7％）非常高。我们确认CALML5是区分胸腺鳞状细胞癌和B3型胸腺瘤的潜在标记，未来临床使用CALML5有望提高这两种疾病的诊断准确性。 ©2023 The Authors. Thoracic Cancer published by China Lung Oncology Group and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.
Thymic squamous cell carcinoma and type B3 thymoma are primary neoplasms of the anterior mediastinum that are sometimes difficult to differentiate from one another histologically. However, only a few immunohistochemical markers are available for the differential diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to discover a novel marker for differentiating between thymic squamous cell carcinoma and type B3 thymoma.We used histological samples of thymic carcinomas (n = 26) and type B3 thymomas (n = 38) which were resected between 1986 and 2017. To search for candidates of differential markers, gene expression levels were evaluated in samples using promoter analysis by cap analysis of gene expression (CAGE) sequencing.Promoter level expression of CALML5 genes was significantly higher in thymic carcinomas than in type B3 thymomas. We further validated the results of the CAGE analysis in all 26 thymic carcinomas and 38 type B3 thymomas by immunohistochemistry (IHC). CALML5 was strongly expressed in the cytoplasm in 19 of 26 cases with thymic carcinoma, whereas positivity at the protein level was shown in two of 38 type B3 thymomas. Thus, the sensitivity (73.1%) and specificity (94.7%) of CALML5 as markers for immunohistochemical diagnosis of thymic carcinoma were extremely high.We identified CALML5 as a potential marker for differentiating thymic squamous cell carcinoma from type B3 thymoma. It is assumed that future clinical use of CALML5 may improve the diagnostic accuracy of differentiating between these two diseases.© 2023 The Authors. Thoracic Cancer published by China Lung Oncology Group and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.