胰腺癌是一种恶性疾病，具有致死率较高的特点，其系统治疗策略主要集中在化疗上。然而，胰腺癌患者的总体预后仍然非常差，存活率较低。吉西他滨（GEM）是治疗胰腺癌的广泛使用的化疗药物。然而，GEM化学耐药性仍然是主要挑战。在这项研究中，我们制备了载有核苷酸还原酶抑制剂（Triapine）和GEM的碳酸钙纳米颗粒（CaCO3 NPs），以抑制胰腺癌细胞（PANC-1 / GEM）的GEM耐药性并解决Triapine的溶解度问题。 CaCO3-GEM-Triapine NPs纳米制剂通过抑制细胞增殖、迁移和对GEM的抵抗，增强了基于GEM的化疗的治疗效果，同时使用2D PANC-1/GEM细胞和3D肿瘤球体。研究表明，载有GEM和Triapine的CaCO3 NPs可以提供有效的治疗选择，以克服胰腺癌的药物耐受性。 版权©2023 Elsevier B.V.出版。

Pancreatic cancer is a malignant disease with high mortality, and its systemic treatment strategy mainly focuses on chemotherapy. Yet, the overall prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients is still extremely poor with a low survival rate. Gemcitabine (GEM) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. However, GEM chemoresistance remains the major challenge. In this study, we prepared calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CaCO3 NPs) loaded with a nucleotide reductase inhibitor (Triapine) and GEM to suppress the GEM resistance of pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1/GEM) and solve the problem of poor solubility of Triapine. CaCO3-GEM-Triapine NPs nano-formulations enhanced the therapeutic effect of GEM-based chemotherapy by inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, migration, and resistance to GEM using both 2D PANC-1/GEM cells and 3D tumor spheroids. The study indicated that CaCO3 NPs loaded with GEM and Triapine could provide an effective treatment option to overcome drug resistance in pancreatic cancer.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.