肿瘤免疫疗法，包括免疫检查点抑制 (ICI) 和养成性免疫细胞疗法，是有前途的治疗策略。它们重新激活免疫细胞的功能，引起免疫反应攻击肿瘤细胞。虽然这些新颖疗法受益于大量肿瘤患者，但许多患者对癌症免疫疗法表现出公正的反应甚至抵抗，限制了其广泛的临床应用。因此，迫切需要探索癌症免疫疗法低反应和抵抗的基本机制，以增强其治疗效果。程序性细胞死亡 (PCD)，包括铁死亡，已被证明在抗肿瘤免疫和调节免疫反应对 ICI 中起着至关重要的作用。铁死亡，一种磷脂过氧化物介导、铁依赖性的膜损伤，表现出三个关键特点：磷脂氧化、缺乏脂过氧化物修复能力和过载的氧化还原活性铁。值得注意的是，铁死亡在调节肿瘤免疫和免疫疗法的反应方面发挥着重要作用。因此，单独或与免疫疗法联合靶向铁死亡可能提供促进其抗肿瘤效力的新选择。然而，铁死亡对肿瘤免疫和免疫疗法的影响受到铁死亡与癌细胞、免疫细胞、肿瘤微环境和其他因素之间的相互作用的影响。在本综述中，我们总结并讨论了铁死亡在调节抗肿瘤免疫、肿瘤微环境和改善免疫疗法在癌症中的治疗效果方面的关键作用。版权所有 © 2023 Gu, Liu, Dai, Yang 和 Zhang。

Cancer immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) and adoptive immune cells therapy, are promising therapeutic strategies. They reactivate the function of immune cells and induce immune responses to attack tumor cells. Although these novel therapies benefited a large amount of cancer patients, many cancer patients have shown fair responses even resistance to cancer immunotherapies, limiting their wide clinical application. Therefore, it is urgent to explore the underlying mechanisms of low response and resistance of cancer immunotherapy to enhance their treatment efficacy. The programmed cell death (PCD) including the ferroptosis, has been demonstrated to play essential roles in antitumor immunity and in regulating the immune response to ICIs. Ferroptosis, a phospholipid peroxidation-mediated, iron-dependent membrane damage, exhibite three critical hallmarks: the oxidation of phospholipids, the lack of lipid peroxide repair capability and the overloading of redox-active iron. Notably, ferroptosis was found to plays important roles in regulating tumor immunity and response to immunotherapy. Therefore, targeting ferroptosis alone or in combination with immunotherapy may provide novel options to promote their antitumor efficacy. However, the effect of ferroptosis on tumor immunity and immunotherapy is affected by the interaction of ferroptosis and cancer cells, immune cells, tumor microenvironment (TME) and others. In this review, we summarized and discussed the critical roles of ferroptosis in regulating antitumor immunity, TME and in the improvement of the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy in cancers.Copyright © 2023 Gu, Liu, Dai, Yang and Zhang.