下腔静脉滤器常被植入且很少被取出。非取出的情况导致显著的发病率，促使美国食品药品监督管理局以及多个社会组织传达改善设备监测的需求。目前的指南建议，植入医生和推荐医生应对设备进行跟踪，但是共同负责是否会导致更少的取出尚不清楚。为了确定让植入医生团队对后续护理负主要责任是否与设备取出率增加有关，进行了这项回顾性队列研究，检测了2011年6月至2019年9月期间接受下腔静脉可取出滤器植入的患者的前瞻性登记记录。医疗记录审查和数据分析在2021年完成。研究包括699名在学术四级护理中心接受下腔静脉可取回滤器植入的患者。在2016年之前，植入医生采用被动监测策略，通过信件向患者和医生说明指征和及时取出的必要性。从2016年开始，植入医生负责主动监测，定期通过电话评估设备取回的适用性，并在适当时安排取回。主要结果是下腔静脉滤器不取出的几率。在回归模型中，监测方法和非取出之间的关系的分析中，还包括了患者人口统计学、同时恶性肿瘤和血栓栓塞疾病的附加协变量。在接受可取回滤器植入的699名患者中，386人（55.2％）通过被动监测进行随访，313人（44.8％）通过主动监测进行随访，346人（49.5％）为女性，100人（14.3％）为黑人，502人（71.8％）是白人。过滤器植入时平均（SD）年龄为57.1（16.0）岁。随着主动监测的采用，每年平均（SD）取回滤器的数量增加了，从386人中的190人（48.7％）增加到313人中的192人（61.3％）（P < .001）。主动组中被视为永久性的过滤器比被动组少（5人中的313人[1.6％]与386人中的47人[12.2％]; P < .001）。植入时的年龄（OR，1.02；95％CI，1.01-1.03），同时恶性肿瘤（OR，2.18；95％CI，1.47-3.24）和被动接触方法（OR，1.70；95％CI，1.18-2.47）与过滤器未取出的几率增加有关。这项队列研究的发现表明，由植入医生进行主动监测与改善下腔静脉滤器的取回有关。这些发现支持鼓励植入滤器的医生承担主要责任来跟踪和取回设备。

Inferior vena cava filters are commonly implanted and infrequently retrieved. Nonretrieval contributes to significant morbidity, motivating US Food and Drug Administration and multisociety communications emphasizing the need for improved device surveillance. Current guidelines suggest that implanting physicians and referring physicians should be responsible for device follow-up, but it is not known whether shared responsibility contributes to lower retrieval.To determine if primary responsibility for follow-up care assumed by the implanting physician team is associated with increased device retrieval.This retrospective cohort study examined a prospectively collected registry of patients with inferior vena cava filters implanted from June 2011 to September 2019. Medical record review and data analysis was completed in 2021. The study included 699 patients who underwent implantation of retrievable inferior vena cava filters at an academic quaternary care center.Prior to 2016, implanting physicians had a passive surveillance strategy whereby letters highlighting indications for and the need for timely retrieval were mailed to patients and ordering clinicians. Starting in 2016, implanting physicians assumed active responsibility for surveillance, whereby candidacy for device retrieval was assessed periodically via phone calls and retrieval scheduled when appropriate.The main outcome was the odds of inferior vena cava filter nonretrieval. Within regression modeling of the association between the surveillance method and nonretrieval, additional covariates of patient demographics, concomitant malignant neoplasm, and presence of thromboembolic disease were included.Of the 699 patients who received retrievable filter implants, 386 (55.2%) were followed up with passive surveillance, 313 (44.8%) with active surveillance, 346 (49.5%) were female, 100 (14.3%) were Black individuals, and 502 (71.8%) were White individuals. The mean (SD) age at filter implantation was 57.1 (16.0) years. Mean (SD) yearly filter retrieval increased following the adoption of active surveillance, from 190 of 386 (48.7%) to 192 of 313 (61.3%) (P < .001). Fewer filters were deemed permanent in the active group vs passive group (5 of 313 [1.6%] vs 47 of 386 [12.2%]; P < .001). Age at the time of implantation (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.03), concomitant malignant neoplasm (OR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.47-3.24), and passive contact method (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.18-2.47) were associated with increased odds of filter nonretrieval.The findings of this cohort study suggest that active surveillance by implanting physicians is associated with improved inferior vena cava filter retrieval. These findings support encouraging physicians who implant the filter to take primary responsibility for tracking and retrieval.