关于居住在北美和欧洲以外的青少年和年轻成人（AYA）癌症幸存者的健康结果信息很少。本研究比较了以色列AYA癌症幸存者与没有癌症并具有类似人口统计学和医疗保健接触的个体以及居住在美国的AYA癌症幸存者的结果。研究包括在2000年至2018年间在以色列Clalit Health Services（CHS）确诊的12,674名AYA（15-39岁）癌症2年幸存者。CHS非癌症参与者（N = 50,696）与幸存者按年龄，性别，种族和会员期限进行4：1配对。使用泊松回归确定慢性疾病的发病率比率（IRRs）。美国南加州Kaiser Permanente AYA队列（N = 6,778）用于为CHS幸存者估计加权（年龄，性别）标准化发病率比（SIR）。与没有癌症的参与者相比，CHS AYA癌症幸存者更可能患有任何慢性疾病（IRR，1.6 95％ CI，1.5-1.7）。幸存者在几乎所有检查的条件下都有增加的风险，特别是骨质疏松（IRR，4.7；95％ CI，4.1-5.5）和心肌病（IRR，4.2 95％ CI，3.4-5.3）。与南加州Kaiser Permanente队列相比，CHS幸存者的任何健康状况发生率总体较低（SIR，0.68；95％ CI，0.65-0.72），而高血脂症的发病率显著较低（SIR，0.7；95％ CI，0.64-0.75）。以色列的AYA癌症幸存者与没有癌症的个体相比，患有慢性病的风险更高，但总发生率低于美国幸存者。这些发现可以考虑到社会人口统计学特征和癌症护理的区域差异，从而使AYA幸存者的监测建议得以改进。在以色列的青少年和年轻成人癌症幸存者身上慢性疾病的负担显然比没有癌症的个体更大，而不同癌症诊断的特定状况风险也存在明显差异。然而，以色列幸存者的慢性疾病总发病率通常低于美国幸存者。 版权所有©2023由Wiley Periodicals LLC代表美国癌症协会出版《癌症》。

There is a paucity of information on health outcomes of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors living outside North America and Europe. This study compared outcomes in AYA cancer survivors in Israel with individuals without cancer and similar demographics and access to health care, and to AYA cancer survivors living in the United States.This study included 12,674 2-year survivors of AYA (aged 15-39 years) cancer diagnosed between 2000 and 2018 at Clalit Health Services (CHS) in Israel. CHS participants without cancer (N = 50,696) were matched 4:1 to survivors on age, sex, ethnicity, and membership duration. Poisson regression was used to determine incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for chronic conditions. The US Kaiser Permanente Southern California AYA cohort (N = 6778) was used to estimate weighted (age, sex) standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for CHS survivors.CHS AYA cancer survivors were more likely to have any chronic condition (IRR, 1.6 95% CI, 1.5-1.7), compared with participants without cancer. Survivors had an increased risk across nearly all conditions examined, with especially elevated risks for osteoporosis (IRR, 4.7; 95% CI, 4.1-5.5) and cardiomyopathy (IRR, 4.2 95% CI, 3.4-5.3). Compared with the Kaiser Permanente Southern California cohort, CHS survivors had an overall lower (SIR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.65-0.72) incidence of developing any health condition, with noticeably lower incidence of hyperlipidemia (SIR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.64-0.75).AYA cancer survivors in Israel are at increased risk for developing chronic conditions compared with individuals without cancer, but the overall incidence was lower than in US survivors. These findings may allow for refinement of surveillance recommendations for AYA survivors, taking into consideration regional differences in sociodemographic characteristics and cancer care.The burden of chronic conditions was consistently greater in Israeli adolescent and young adult cancer survivors compared with individuals without cancer, with clear differences in risk of specific conditions by cancer diagnosis. However, the overall incidence of chronic conditions in Israeli survivors was generally lower than in US survivors.© 2023 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Cancer Society.