背景：体外研究表明，维生素D可能有助于降低卵巢癌的风险。然而，生态学和流行病学证据仍然存在争议。材料与方法：我们通过MEDLINE和Web of Science数据库以及手动搜索筛选出符合条件的研究，以元分析的方式研究维生素D摄入量或血液中25(OH)D（25-羟基维生素D）与卵巢癌风险之间的关系。采用随机效应模型计算总体相对风险（RR）。结果：针对卵巢癌发病率，共计包括15个观察性研究（维生素D摄入量共5634例病例和血液中25（OH）D共975例病例），针对整体维生素D摄入量（来源于食物和补充剂），最高与最低组卵巢癌风险的汇总RR为0.92（95%置信区间[CI]: 0.74-1.14）。然而，对于血液中25(OH)D水平，高水平25(OH)D的人较低水平者卵巢癌风险降低37％（汇总RR = 0.63; 95％ CI: 0.42-0.93）。根据研究设计，病例对照研究比前瞻性研究的反向关联更强。剂量响应元分析也支持血液25(OH)D水平与卵巢癌风险之间的反向关系。当将汇总RR限制在考虑到身体质量指数（BMI）的研究中时，它们往往更强大，但是BMI调整的差异并不显著。结论：我们的发现表明，高血液25(OH)D水平与较低的卵巢癌风险有关。需要进行更多设计良好的前瞻性研究以证实维生素D状态与卵巢癌风险之间的联系。

Background: In vitro research suggests that vitamin D may protect against the risk of ovarian cancer. However, ecological and epidemiologic evidence is still debatable. Materials and Methods: We searched eligible studies via MEDLINE and Web of Science databases, as well as a hand search to examine the association between vitamin D intake or blood 25(OH)D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) and ovarian cancer risk in a meta-analysis. The overall relative risk (RR) was determined using a random-effect model. Results: For ovarian cancer incidence, 15 observational studies were included [5,634 cases for vitamin D intake and 975 cases for blood 25(OH)D]. For overall vitamin D intake (from food and supplements), the pooled RR of ovarian cancer risk for the highest versus lowest groups was 0.92 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74-1.14). For blood 25(OH)D levels, however, people with high blood 25(OH)D levels had 37% lower risk of ovarian cancer than those with low levels (pooled RR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.42-0.93). By study design, the inverse association was stronger in case-control studies than in prospective studies. The dose-response meta-analysis also supports the inverse association between blood 25(OH)D levels and ovarian cancer risk. When the pooled RRs were restricted to studies that adjusted for body mass index (BMI), they tended to be stronger, but the difference by adjustment for BMI was not significant. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that having a high blood 25(OH)D level is associated with a lower risk of ovarian cancer. More well-designed prospective studies are needed to confirm the link between vitamin D status and ovarian cancer risk.