自噬、坏死、凋亡及化脓性细胞死亡是一些已知的程序化细胞死亡方式，最近还发现了一种新的程序化细胞死亡方式——铁死亡。它通过红氧铁离子依赖的多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）含磷脂的羟基过氧化反应和损失脂质过氧化修复能力来定义。铁死亡最近与多种人类疾病（如肿瘤、缺血再灌注损伤、急性肾损伤、神经系统疾病和哮喘等）有关。有趣的是，铁死亡与胎盘生理和滋养层损伤相关。在胎盘发育过程中，由于缺氧再灌注和滞氧再氧合等原因引起的脂质活性氧（ROS）在滋养层中累积，滋养层的铁和PUFA丰富，以及生理子宫收缩或病理胎盘床灌注不足等其他原因也使得滋养层易受铁死亡的影响。滋养层的铁死亡会导致胎盘功能异常，可能涉及孕期糖尿病、先兆子痫、胎儿生长受限、早产和流产等胎盘相关疾病的发生和发展。滋养层铁死亡的调节机制仍需进一步探究。在本文中，我们总结了关于胎盘相关疾病滋养层铁死亡研究的最新进展，为深入理解其发病机制提供参考，并提出了预防和治疗胎盘相关疾病的新策略。©2023作者，独家授权给生殖研究协会。

Ferroptosis is a recently identified form of programmed cell death which is different from apoptosis, pyroptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. It is uniquely defined by redox-active iron-dependent hydroxy-peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-containing phospholipids and a loss of lipid peroxidation repair capacity. Ferroptosis has recently been implicated in multiple human diseases, such as tumors, ischemia-reperfusion injury, acute kidney injury, neurological diseases, and asthma among others. Intriguingly, ferroptosis is associated with placental physiology and trophoblast injury. Circumstances such as accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to hypoxia-reperfusion and anoxia-reoxygenation of trophoblast during placental development, the abundance of trophoblastic iron and PUFA, physiological uterine contractions, or pathological placental bed perfusion, cause placental trophoblasts' susceptibility to ferroptosis. Ferroptosis of trophoblast can cause placental dysfunction, which may be involved in the occurrence and development of placenta-related diseases such as gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, and abortion. The regulatory mechanisms of trophoblastic ferroptosis still need to be explored further. Here, we summarize the latest progress in trophoblastic ferroptosis research on placental-related diseases, provide references for further understanding of its pathogenesis, and propose new strategies for the prevention and treatment of placental-related diseases.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Society for Reproductive Investigation.