北美的血液学研究生医学教育受美国研究生医学教育认证委员会（ACGME）认可。培训者常常需要查看外周血液涂片（PBS）以提供临床护理。ACGME要求毕业时具备PBS检查能力。然而，目前还没有关于PBS评估、教育或能力的最佳实践共识指南。我们通过多机构聚焦小组提出了建议的理论和共识建议。该聚焦小组采用建构主义接地理论和修正名义小组技术，由分别代表经典和恶性血液学的8名学院血液学家参与。他们中所有人都经常与研究生一起工作，其中一半曾正式约束培训者进行PBS解释。通过混合方法技术分析聚焦小组数据。归纳性编码鉴定了新兴理论的原则。共识建议（CR）得以生成。参与者重复查看CR以达成共识。关于PBS教育的多个方面达成了强烈的共识。所有人都同意培训者应通过系统的方法学习PBS评估。讨论重点集中在红细胞和白细胞疾病。急性白血病和血栓性微血管病的诊断最常被讨论，具有重要意义的疾病需及时识别以避免严重的患者病情恶化。这些CR为未来PBS评估和医学教育中的其他视觉空间任务的研究和课程开发提供了物质依据。版权所有©2023美国血液学协会。

Graduate medical education training in hematology in North America is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). Trainees routinely review peripheral blood smears (PBS) in providing clinical care. Competency in PBS review at graduation is required by the ACGME. However, there are no consensus guidelines on best practices surrounding PBS review, education, or competency. We describe the generation of proposed theory and the consensus recommendations developed through a multi-institutional focus group, developed using constructivist grounded theory and a modified nominal group technique. Eight academic hematologists, spanning classical and malignant hematology, enrolled and participated in two one-hour focus groups. All routinely worked with fellows and half had formally instructed trainees on PBS interpretation. Focus group data was analyzed using mixed methods techniques. Tenets of emerging theory were identified through inductive coding. Consensus recommendations (CR) were generated. Participants reviewed CRs in an iterative fashion until consensus was reached. Strong consensus was reached on multiple aspects of PBS education. All agreed that trainees should learn PBS review through a systematic approach. Group discussion focused on disorders of red and white blood cells. The diagnoses of acute leukemia and thrombotic microangiopathies were most commonly discussed, with specific emphasis being placed on disorders in which prompt recognition was required to avert significant patient morbidity. These CRs offer external validity to future research and curricular development for both PBS review and other visuospatial tasks in medical education.Copyright © 2023 American Society of Hematology.