乳腺癌仍然是女性肿瘤相关死亡的主要原因之一，反映了深刻的疾病异质性、转移和治疗抵抗。在过去的十年中，基因组和转录组数据已经以前所未有的规模进行整合，并揭示了不同的癌症亚型、关键分子驱动因素、克隆进化轨迹和预后特征。此外，高分辨率单细胞和空间技术的多维整合凸显了整个乳腺癌生态系统的重要性和不同的细胞“邻居”的存在。临床上，许多新的靶向治疗方法已经出现，并迅速纳入常规护理。然而，抗药性仍然是该领域面临的关键挑战。版权所有©2023 Elsevier Inc.。保留所有权利。

Breast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women, reflecting profound disease heterogeneity, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. Over the last decade, genomic and transcriptomic data have been integrated on an unprecedented scale and revealed distinct cancer subtypes, critical molecular drivers, clonal evolutionary trajectories, and prognostic signatures. Furthermore, multi-dimensional integration of high-resolution single-cell and spatial technologies has highlighted the importance of the entire breast cancer ecosystem and the presence of distinct cellular "neighborhoods." Clinically, a plethora of new targeted therapies has emerged, now being rapidly incorporated into routine care. Resistance to therapy, however, remains a crucial challenge for the field.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.