多年来，层状双氢氧化物（LDHs）由于其可调节的化学组成和适当的结构特性在生物医学领域占据特定的地位。然而，由于生理条件下表面积较小和机械强度较低，LDHs缺乏足够的活性靶向敏感性。利用生态友好材料（例如壳聚糖（CS））进行LDHs表面修饰，其载荷仅在特定条件下转移，可以帮助开发具有高生物安全性和独特机械强度的刺激响应材料。我们旨在为基于LDHs表面功能化的自下而上技术的最新成果提供一个良好的定位情景，以制备具有促进生物功能和高封装效率的功能性配方。在此详细讨论了LDHs的关键方面，包括系统生物安全性和与治疗模式相集成的适用性。此外，对最近涌现的CS包覆LDHs的进展进行了全面讨论。最后，着重讨论了癌症治疗中制备高效CS-LDHs的挑战和未来展望。版权所有©2023 Elsevier B.V.发表。

Over the years, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) hold a specific position in biomedicine due to their tunable chemical composition and appropriate structural properties. However, LDHs lack adequate sensitivity for active targeting because of less active surface area and low mechanical strength in physiological conditions. The exploitation of eco-friendly materials, such as chitosan (CS), for surface engineering of LDHs, whose payloads are transferred only under certain conditions, can help develop stimuli-responsive materials owing to high biosafety and unique mechanical strength. We aim to render a well-oriented scenario toward the latest achievements of a bottom-up technology relying on the surface functionalization of LDHs to fabricate functional formulations with promoted bio-functionality and high encapsulation efficiency for various bioactives. Many efforts have been devoted to critical aspects of LDHs, including systemic biosafety and the suitability for developing multicomponent systems via integration with therapeutic modalities, which are thoroughly discussed herein. In addition, a comprehensive discussion was provided for the recent progress in the emergence of CS-coated LDHs. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives in the fabrication of efficient CS-LDHs in biomedicine are considered, with a special focus on cancer treatment.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.