终轮一（Roxb. ex DC.）Wight & Arnot（锦葵科）是印度传统医疗系统中最常用的药用树木之一，用于治疗包括心血管疾病在内的各种疾病。本文旨在全面概述T. arjuna树皮（BTA）的植物化学、药用、毒性和工业应用，同时确定该重要树木研究和应用的空白处。本文还旨在分析未来的趋势和研究方向，以充分利用这棵树的全部潜力。通过使用Google Scholar、PubMed和Web of Science等科学研究引擎和数据库进行了对T. arjuna树的广泛文献研究，涵盖了所有相关的英文文章。数据库“World Flora Online（WFO）”（http://www.worldfloraonline.org）用于确认植物分类学。 至今，传统上已经使用BTA治疗多种疾病，如蛇咬伤、蝎子蜇伤、淋病、耳痛、痢疾、性功能障碍和膀胱感染，以及心脏保护作用。从BTA中鉴定出了约38种植物化合物，并被分类为三萜、鞣质、类黄酮和糖苷。报道了BTA的广泛的离体和体内药理作用，如抗癌、抗微生物、抗病毒、抗炎、抗氧化、肝保护、抗过敏、抗糖尿病和促伤口愈合活性。每天口服BTA（500 mg/kg），并没有导致人体毒性。BTA的甲醇提取物以及其主要化合物之一7-甲基没食子酸酯的体内急性和亚急性毒性分析，没有产生任何不良反应，即使剂量高达1000 mg/kg。 本综合评述突出了BTA药用知识、植物化学和药理学意义的各个方面。这篇综述涵盖了在药物剂量形式中使用BTA的安全信息。尽管BTA有着悠久的药用历史，但仍需要更多的研究来了解其植物化合物的分子机制、构效关系以及可能的协同和拮抗作用、药物给药方法、药物相互作用和毒理学效应。版权所有©2023。由Elsevier B.V.出版。

Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arnot (Combretaceae) is one of the most frequently used medicinal trees in Indian traditional medicinal systems. It is used for the treatment of a variety of diseases including cardiovascular disorders.The purpose of this review was to provide a comprehensive overview of the phytochemistry, medicinal uses, toxicity, and industrial applications of T. arjuna bark (BTA), as well as to identify gaps in research and applications of this important tree. It also aimed to analyze trends and future research paths to utilize the full potential of this tree.Extensive bibliographic research on the T. arjuna tree was carried out using scientific research engines and databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science, covering all relevant English-language articles. The database "World Flora Online (WFO)" (http://www.worldfloraonline.org) was used to confirm plant taxonomy.To date, BTA has been traditionally employed for several disorders such as snakebites, scorpion stings, gleets, earaches, dysentery, sexual disorders, and urinary tract infections along with the cardioprotective activity. About 38 phytocompounds were identified from BTA and were classified as triterpenoids, tannins, flavonoids, and glycosides. A wide range of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effects of BTA were reported such as anti-cancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-allergic, anti-diabetic, and wound healing activities. The oral administration of BTA (500 mg/kg) per day did not result in any toxicity in humans. The in vivo acute and sub-acute toxicity analysis of the methanol extract of BTA and one of its major compounds, 7-methyl gallate, did not produce any adverse effects up to a dose of 1000 mg/kg.This comprehensive review highlights various aspects of traditional knowledge, phytochemicals, and pharmacological significance of BTA. The review covered safety information on employing BTA in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Despite its long history of medicinal benefit, more studies are needed to understand the molecular mechanisms, structure-activity relationship, and potential synergistic and antagonistic effects of its phytocompounds, drug administration, drug-drug interactions, and toxicological effects.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.