在儿童和年轻成年人的高级别胶质母细胞瘤（HGGs）中已经发现了组蛋白3（H3）变体中的经常性体细胞突变（称为“oncohistones”），它们通过破坏染色质状态诱导肿瘤发生。Oncohistones 以精密的神经解剖学特异性出现，并与特定的年龄分布和表观基因组景观有关。在这里，我们回顾已知的内在（“种子”）和外在（“土壤”）因素对其最佳致癌效应所需的因素，并强调许多未解决的问题，包括它们对发育和肿瘤微环境交流的影响。用来解释肿瘤转移巢地的“种子和土壤”类比同样适用于oncohistones，它们在非常狭窄的发育时窗期内主要在特定的染色质状态下繁荣生长，形成异常的易感性，这可能为这些致命性癌症提供有效的治疗手段。版权所有©2023年Elsevier Inc.发表。

Recurrent somatic mutations in histone 3 (H3) variants (termed 'oncohistones') have been identified in high-grade gliomas (HGGs) in children and young adults and induce tumorigenesis through disruption of chromatin states. Oncohistones occur with exquisite neuroanatomical specificity and are associated with specific age distribution and epigenome landscapes. Here, we review the known intrinsic ('seed') and the extrinsic ('soil') factors needed for their optimal oncogenic effect and highlight the many unresolved questions regarding their effects on development and crosstalk with the tumor microenvironment. The 'seed and soil' analogy, used to explain tumor metastatic niches, also applies to oncohistones, which mainly thrive and flourish in specific chromatin states during very narrow windows of development, creating exquisite vulnerabilities, which could provide effective therapies for these deadly cancers.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.