有限的前瞻性研究数据表明，高摄入长链ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（LCn3PUFA）的饮食，具有抗炎作用，可能降低子宫内膜癌风险；特别是在身体质量和肿瘤病理学特征等某些亚组中。流行病学子宫内膜癌联合研究组（Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium）12个前瞻性队列研究的数据作为巢式病例对照研究进行了数据整合，共包括7268个子宫内膜癌病例和26,133个控制组。通过食物频率问卷评估习惯饮食，估算脂肪酸摄入量。两阶段个体参与者数据混合效应荟萃分析通过逻辑回归估计了LCn3PUFA的研究特异性能量调整四分位数与子宫内膜癌风险的关联调整后的比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。最高摄入量与最低摄入量的百鲸酸的估算饮食摄入量相比，最高摄入量的女性的子宫内膜癌风险增加了9%（第四分位数 vs.第一分位数：OR 1.09，95% CI：1.01-1.19；P趋势= 0.04）。总LCn3PUFA的摄入量的摘要措施也存在类似的风险（OR 1.07，95% CI：0.99-1.16；P趋势= 0.06）。按体重指数分层，LCn3PUFA的更高摄入量与超重/肥胖女性的12-19%增加的子宫内膜癌风险有关，而在正常体重的女性中不存在增加的风险。更高的关联似乎仅限于白种女性。结果在癌症等级方面没有差异。更高的LCn3PUFA的饮食摄入量不可能减少子宫内膜癌的发病率；相反，它们可能与某些女性亚组，特别是超重/肥胖女性的小到中等程度的风险增加有关。©2022 Elsevier Inc.版权所有。

Limited data from prospective studies suggest that higher dietary intake of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn3PUFA), which hold anti-inflammatory properties, may reduce endometrial cancer risk; particularly among certain subgroups characterized by body mass and tumor pathology.Data from 12 prospective cohort studies participating in the Epidemiology of Endometrial Cancer Consortium were harmonized as nested case-control studies, including 7268 endometrial cancer cases and 26,133 controls. Habitual diet was assessed by food frequency questionnaire, from which fatty acid intakes were estimated. Two-stage individual-participant data mixed effects meta-analysis estimated adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) through logistic regression for associations between study-specific energy-adjusted quartiles of LCn3PUFA and endometrial cancer risk.Women with the highest versus lowest estimated dietary intakes of docosahexaenoic acid, the most abundant LCn3PUFA in diet, had a 9% increased endometrial cancer risk (Quartile 4 vs. Quartile 1: OR 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01-1.19; P trend = 0.04). Similar elevated risks were observed for the summary measure of total LCn3PUFA (OR 1.07, 95% CI: 0.99-1.16; P trend = 0.06). Stratified by body mass index, higher intakes of LCn3PUFA were associated with 12-19% increased endometrial cancer risk among overweight/obese women and no increased risk among normal-weight women. Higher associations appeared restricted to White women. The results did not differ by cancer grade.Higher dietary intakes of LCn3PUFA are unlikely to reduce endometrial cancer incidence; rather, they may be associated with small to moderate increases in risk in some subgroups of women, particularly overweight/obese women.Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.