Dabrafenib与trametinib联合治疗是BRAF V600E突变的非小细胞肺癌的标准治疗方案。以往的临床试验中没有报道与治疗有关的脑梗死（CI）。这里我们描述一个61岁的日本男性，他患有BRAF V600E突变的肺腺癌，接受了dabrafenib与trametinib联合治疗作为第三线治疗。在接受dabrafenib加trametinib治疗的第10天，患者发热，因意识障碍于第18天紧急住院。患者因感染而导致弥散性血管内凝血，接受了thrombomodulin和ceftriaxone治疗，并得到了改善。第44天，dabrafenib加trametinib以一步降低剂量的方式恢复了治疗。第一次口服三小时后，患者出现寒战、发热和低血压。他接受了静脉输液。第64天，从前一天起口服20毫克泼尼松龙，并以进一步的一步剂量降低恢复了dabrafenib与trametinib的治疗。第一次口服后五个小时，患者出现发热、低血压、右侧上下肢瘫痪和言语不清。头部磁共振成像显示多发性脑梗死。由于血管内脱水引起的血液浓缩可能导致CI。总之，在接受dabrafenib加trametinib治疗期间应考虑CI的问题。 © 2023作者。由中国肺癌学组和John Wiley＆Sons Australia，Ltd.出版的《胸部肿瘤》杂志。

Dabrafenib plus trametinib is the standard treatment for BRAF V600E-mutated non-small cell lung cancer. No treatment-related cerebral infarction (CI) has been reported in previous clinical trials. Here, we described a 61-year-old Japanese man with BRAF V600E-mutated lung adenocarcinoma treated with dabrafenib plus trametinib as a third-line treatment. On the 10th day of dabrafenib plus trametinib treatment, the patient developed fever and was urgently hospitalized on the 18th day owing to impaired consciousness. The patient had disseminated intravascular coagulation because of infection, was treated with thrombomodulin and ceftriaxone, and subsequently improved. On the 44th day, dabrafenib plus trametinib was resumed with a one-step dose reduction. Three hours after the first oral administration, the patient developed chills, fever, and hypotension. He received intravenous fluids. On the 64th day, 20 mg prednisolone was administered from the previous day, and dabrafenib plus trametinib was resumed with a further one-step reduction in dose. Five hours after the first oral administration, the patient developed fever, hypotension, paralysis of the right upper and lower limbs, and dysarthria appeared. Head magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple cerebral infarcts. Hemoconcentration because of intravascular dehydration may have caused CI. In conclusion, CI should be taken into consideration during treatment with dabrafenib plus trametinib.© 2023 The Authors. Thoracic Cancer published by China Lung Oncology Group and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.