目标：基于免疫浸润和铁死亡的转录组分析，筛选出治疗胃癌的潜在草药和草药成分。 方法：从GEO数据库中获取胃肿瘤组织和正常组织样本的基因表达谱，并分析免疫细胞浸润情况和铁死亡的差异表达基因。通过蛋白质相互作用（PPI）和富集分析筛选关键基因，利用分子对接预测和初步验证基于关键基因的胃癌潜在草药和中药成分。最后，采用RT-QPCR验证预测结果。 结果：免疫细胞浸润分析揭示了活化CD4记忆T细胞、单核细胞和M0巨噬细胞在胃肿瘤组织中的高水平浸润，而浆细胞和休息型肥大细胞在旁肿瘤组织中的浸润水平较高。差异基因表达分析识别出1,012个上调基因和880个下调基因，其中84个免疫相关差异表达基因（如CTSB、PGF和PLAU）和10个铁死亡相关差异表达基因（如HSF1、NOX4和NF2）在胃癌组织中高表达。富集分析结果显示，它们主要涉及343个生物过程（如细胞外基质组织和细胞外结构组织）、37个细胞组分（如胶原三聚体复合物和基底膜）、35个分子功能（如信号受体激活活性和受体配体活性）和19条调节通路（如细胞因子-细胞因子受体相互作用和视黄醇代谢）。最后，选出了TLR4和KRAS两个关键基因，基于关键基因预测出12种草药（如黄芪、黄连、虎杖和27种草药成分（如白藜芦醇、丹参酸B）。分子对接结果表明，KRAS紧密结合香豆素和木兰酚，而TLR4能紧密结合白藜芦醇、姜黄素、丹参酸B、紫草素。随后对白藜芦醇和木兰酚的效果进行了实验验证。 结论：如黄芪、黄连、虎杖等草药和如白藜芦醇、姜黄素、丹参酸B等草药成分可为胃癌肿瘤微环境的免疫调节和肿瘤细胞铁死亡提供研究方向和替代治疗方法。 版权所有©2023Li，Tao，Qian，Jiang，Song，Zeng和Cai。

Objective: Screening out potential herbal medicines and herbal ingredients for the treatment of gastric cancer based on transcriptomic analysis of immune infiltration and ferroptosis. Methods: Gene expression profiles of gastric tumour tissues and normal tissue samples were obtained from the GEO database and the samples were analysed for immune cell infiltration condition and differential expressed genes of ferroptosis. Key genes were screened by protein-protein interaction (PPI) and enrichment analysis, and molecular docking was used to predict and preliminary validate potential herbal and traditional Chinese medicine components for gastric cancer based on the key genes. Finally, RT-QPCR was used to validate the prediction results. Results: Immune cell infiltration analysis revealed high levels of infiltration of activated CD4 memory T cells, monocytes, M0 macrophages in gastric tumor tissues, while plasma cells and resting mast cells had higher levels of infiltration in the paraneoplastic tissues. Differential gene expression analysis identified 1,012 upregulated genes and 880 downregulated genes, of which 84 immune related differentially expressed genes such as CTSB, PGF and PLAU and 10 ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes such as HSF1, NOX4 and NF2 were highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues. The results of enrichment analysis showed that they mainly involve 343 biological processes such as extracellular matrix organization and extracellular structural organization; 37 cellular components such as complexes of collagen trimer and basement membrane; 35 molecular functions such as signal receptor activator activity and receptor ligand activity; 19 regulatory pathways such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions and retinol metabolism. Finally, two key genes, TLR4 and KRAS, were selected and 12 herbal medicines such as Radix Salviae liguliobae, Rhizoma Coptidis, Rhizoma Polygoni cuspidati and 27 herbal ingredients such as resveratrol, salvianolic acid b were predicted on the basis of key genes. Molecular docking results showed that KRAS binds tightly to coumarin and magnolol, while TLR4 can bind tightly to resveratrol, curcumin, salvianolic acid b, shikonin. Subsequently, the effect of resveratrol and magnolol was experimentally verified. Conclusion: Herbal medicines such as S. liguliobae, Rhizoma Coptidis, Rhizoma P. cuspidati and herbal ingredients such as resveratrol, curcumin, salvianolic acid b may provide research directions and alternative therapeutic approaches for immunomodulation of TME and ferroptosis of tumour cells in gastric cancer.Copyright © 2023 Li, Tao, Qian, Jiang, Song, Zeng and Cai.