正电子发射断层扫描（PET）是各种肿瘤疾病的非侵入性表型生理和生化过程的分子成像。18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖（18F-FDG）PET成像用于葡萄糖代谢评估是淋巴瘤临床管理的标准成像方式。 18F-FDG PET的应用之一是检测和预治疗分期淋巴瘤，具有高度敏感性。 18F-FDG PET也可用于治疗期间，评估个体化化疗敏感性并相应指导响应适应性治疗。 在治疗计划结束时，阴性PET扫描表明晚期霍奇金淋巴瘤和弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤的患者具有良好的预后。因此，辅助放疗可缓解症状。未来的PET研究使用非18F-FDG放射性示踪剂，例如68Ga标记的pentixafor（一种循环五肽，可实现对CXCR4的敏感和高对比度成像），68Ga标记的成纤维细胞激活蛋白抑制剂（FAPI）反映肿瘤微环境，并针对程序性细胞死亡配体1（PD-L1）的89Zr标记的atezolizumab可能补充18F-FDG，并提供进一步识别淋巴瘤表型和治疗机制的重要工具。©国际人类表型研究所（上海）2022。

Positron emission tomography (PET) represents molecular imaging for non-invasive phenotyping of physiological and biochemical processes in various oncological diseases. PET imaging with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) for glucose metabolism evaluation is the standard imaging modality for the clinical management of lymphoma. One of the 18F-FDG PET applications is the detection and pre-treatment staging of lymphoma, which is highly sensitive. 18F-FDG PET is also applied during treatment to evaluate the individual chemo-sensitivity and accordingly guide the response-adapted therapy. At the end of the therapy regiment, a negative PET scan is indicative of a good prognosis in patients with advanced Hodgkin's lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Thus, adjuvant radiotherapy may be alleviated. Future PET studies using non-18F-FDG radiotracers, such as 68Ga-labeled pentixafor (a cyclic pentapeptide that enables sensitive and high-contrast imaging of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4), 68Ga-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) that reflects the tumor microenvironment, and 89Zr-labeled atezolizumab that targets the programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), may complement 18F-FDG and offer essential tools to decode lymphoma phenotypes further and identify the mechanisms of lymphoma therapy.© International Human Phenome Institutes (Shanghai) 2022.