中性粒细胞外泌物网（NET）是由脱缠解的DNA链和颗粒蛋白组成的网络结构。目前已知有三种类型的NET。NET已在某些恶性肿瘤的进展中被发现，包括：胃癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、肝细胞癌、结肠直肠癌、胶质母细胞瘤、弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）和肺癌，等等。肿瘤通过各种途径促进NET的形成，而NET则反之促进肿瘤的生长。NET可以刺激原发性肿瘤细胞增殖、抑制免疫细胞从而创造肿瘤友好的免疫微环境，并刺激上皮-间充质转化（EMT）。NET显著促进肝脏和肺脏的转移，可能是通过改变血管通透性、诱导细胞骨架重排和定向细胞迁移以及唤醒潜在的癌细胞来实现的。NET是癌症患者治疗上有希望的靶点。癌症患者可能会受益于抗NET治疗，尤其是与免疫检查点抑制剂结合使用时。版权所有 © 2023 Jian Li et al.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are network structures comprised of decondensed DNA strands coated with granule proteins. There have been three types of NETs recorded. NETs have been discovered concerning the progression of some malignancies, including gastric cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, glioblastoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and lung cancer, among others. In various methods, tumors encourage the formation of NETs, and NETs, in turn, promote tumor growth. NETs can stimulate primary tumor cell proliferation, suppress immune cells to create a tumor-friendly immune microenvironment, and stimulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). NETs significantly promote liver and lung metastasis, possibly by altering vascular permeability, inducing cytoskeleton rearrangement and directional cell migration, and reawakening dormant cancer cells. NETs are therapeutically promising targets for cancer patients. Cancer patients may benefit from anti-NETs therapy, especially when combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Copyright © 2023 Jian Li et al.