神经内分泌肿瘤（NETs）和神经内分泌癌（NECs）均表现出神经内分泌分化，被分类为神经内分泌肿瘤（NENs）。NEC和非神经内分泌肿瘤（非NENs），如腺癌，具有类似的基因突变谱。该研究的目的是通过同时比较来自不同原发器官的NETs、NECs和非NENs的转移模式，确定转移模式的差异和导致这些差异的关键因素。 我们从机构数据库中检索了4,223例NEN患者和41,637例来自不同原发部位的非NEN患者的数据，然后比较了NET、NEC和非NEN的转移模式。NETs和NECs的转移模式通常相似，大多数NEN患者的肝器官 tropic 转移率比非NEN患者低，肺器官 tropic 转移率也比非NEN患者低，胸膜/腹膜器官 tropic 转移率更低。一些差异是特定器官的特点，其中一些器官的特异性差异不是由NENs引起的，而是由非NENs引起的，包括髓样甲状腺癌的骨器官 tropic 转移率更高以及肺NEN的骨器官 tropic 转移率更低。其他差异可能是由NENs引起的，包括结肠NET的骨器官 tropic 转移率更高。与其他部位的NEN相比，子宫颈NEC表现出独特的转移模式。 检测到NEN和非NEN的转移模式之间存在显着差异，神经内分泌分化的多基因程序可能与器官特异性转移有关。© 2023 The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences.

Both neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) exhibit neuroendocrine differentiation and are classified as neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). NECs and nonneuroendocrine neoplasms (non-NENs), such as adenocarcinoma, have similar mutational profiles. The purpose of this study was to identify differences in metastatic patterns and to identify the key factor causing these differences by simultaneously comparing the metastatic patterns of NETs, NECs and non-NENs from various primary organs.We retrieved data for 4,223 patients with NENs and 41,637 patients with non-NENs arising at various primary sites from an institutional database and then compared NET, NEC, and non-NEN metastatic patterns.NETs and NECs showed generally similar metastatic patterns. Most NEN patients had a higher liver organotrophic metastasis rate, lower lung organotrophic metastasis rate, and lower pleural/peritoneal organotrophic metastasis rate than non-NEN patients. Some differences were characteristics of specific organs. Some of these site-specific differences were not caused by NENs but by non-NENs, including a higher bone organotrophic metastasis rate for medullary thyroid carcinoma and a lower bone organotrophic metastasis rate for pulmonary NEN. Other differences were probably caused by NENs, including a higher bone organotrophic metastasis rate for colorectal NETs. Uterine cervical NEC showed unique patterns of metastasis compared to NEN from other sites.Significant differences between the metastatic patterns of NENs and non-NENs were detected. The multigene program that causes neuroendocrine differentiation might be associated with organotropic metastasis.© 2023 The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences.