在帕金森病（PD）中，炎症可能会导致多巴胺能（DAergic）神经元的退化。先前的研究表明，炎症介质主要对此现象做出了贡献。另一方面，深部脑刺激（DBS）等侵入性神经调节方法对PD具有更好的治疗效果。一个可能的解释是DBS通过影响炎症来改善PD。因此，我们进一步探究了炎症介质和DBS在PD的发病机制中的作用。 我们使用Luminex测定仪在109位术前DBS PD患者、49位术后DBS PD患者和113位年龄和性别匹配的对照组中测量了两种炎症标志物的血清水平，即被调控的活化、正常T细胞表达和分泌的RANTES和肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）。然后对不同组的血浆蛋白数据进行统计分析。 三组之间的RANTES（p < 0.001）和TNF-α（p = 0.005）水平明显不同。在术前PD患者中，RANTES水平与Hoehn-Yahr（H-Y）分级呈强烈和显著的相关性（rs  = 0.567，p < 0.001）。在配对患者中，RANTES水平与统一帕金森病评定量表III（UPDRS III）评分（rs1  = 0.644，p = 0.033和rs2  = 0.620，p = 0.042）有显著相关性。没有观察到TNF-α水平的相关性。 本研究的结果表明，PD患者可能通过招募活化单核细胞、巨噬细胞和T淋巴细胞到中枢神经系统（CNS）中保持持续的炎症状态。DBS被证明对PD具有显著的治疗效果，可能是通过改善中枢神经系统的炎症环境来实现的。 ©2023年作者。由约翰威立出版社出版的CNS神经科学与疗法。

In Parkinson's disease (PD), inflammation may lead to the degeneration of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons. Previous studies showed that inflammatory mediators mainly contributed to this phenomenon. On the other hand, invasive neuromodulation methods such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) have better therapeutic effects for PD. One possibility is that DBS improves PD by influencing inflammation. Therefore, we further explored the mechanisms underlying inflammatory mediators and DBS in the pathogenesis of PD.We measured serum levels of two inflammatory markers, namely RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), using Luminex assays in 109 preoperative DBS PD patients, 49 postoperative DBS PD patients, and 113 age- and sex-matched controls. The plasma protein data of the different groups were then statistically analyzed.RANTES (p < 0.001) and TNF-α (p = 0.005) levels differed significantly between the three groups. A strong and significant correlation between RANTES levels and Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) stage was observed in preoperative PD patients (rs  = 0.567, p < 0.001). Significant correlations between RANTES levels and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III (UPDRS III) score (rs1  = 0.644, p = 0.033 and rs2  = 0.620, p = 0.042) were observed in matched patients. No correlation was observed for TNF-α levels.The results of this study indicate that PD patients have a persistent inflammatory profile, possibly via recruitment of activated monocytes, macrophages, and T lymphocytes to the central nervous system (CNS). DBS was shown to have a significant therapeutic effect on PD, which may arise by improving the inflammatory environment of the central nervous system.© 2023 The Authors. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.