骨肉瘤是骨骼中最常见的恶性肿瘤，严重影响人们的生活并增加了经济负担。由于靶向性差和副作用严重，传统化疗药物的治疗效果有限。基于纳米载体的药物传递系统可以通过靶向受体改性显著增强化疗药物利用率，并减少系统性不良反应的发生。已开发出多种受体改性的纳米药物传递系统用于不同的靶向策略。在本文中，我们将回顾当前骨肉瘤药物治疗的生物学特性和主要挑战，并进一步阐述不同的靶向策略和受体选择，以针对骨肉瘤的纳米药物传递系统，这可能为未来先进靶向性药物传递系统的开发提供新的视野。© 2023. 作者（S）。

Osteosarcoma, the most common malignant tumor of the bone, seriously influences people's lives and increases their economic burden. Conventional chemotherapy drugs achieve limited therapeutic effects owing to poor targeting and severe systemic toxicity. Nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems can significantly enhance the utilization efficiency of chemotherapeutic drugs through targeting ligand modifications and reduce the occurrence of systemic adverse effects. A variety of ligand-modified nano-drug delivery systems have been developed for different targeting schemes. Here we review the biological characteristics and the main challenges of current drug therapy of OS, and further elaborate on different targeting schemes and ligand selection for nano-drug delivery systems of osteosarcoma, which may provide new horizons for the development of advanced targeted drug delivery systems in the future.© 2023. The Author(s).