血液恶性肿瘤患者 (HM) 通常因器官衰竭、疾病进展或治疗相关并发症需要进入重症监护室 (ICU)，而且这些患者通常预后较差。因此，了解影响 HM 患者 ICU 死亡率的因素非常重要。在这项研究中，我们的目标是确定危重症 HM 患者 ICU 死亡的风险因素。我们回顾了 2010 年 1 月 1 日至 2018 年 12 月 31 日期间入住我们医疗 ICU 的 HM 患者的病历。我们记录了这些患者的一些参数，并通过统计比较幸存者和非幸存者的这些参数，确定了 ICU 死亡的风险因素。该研究包括 368 名危重症 HM 患者，在 9 年期间入住我们医疗 ICU。中位年龄为 58 (49-67) 岁，63.3% 的患者为男性。大多数患者 (43.2%) 患有急性白血病。造血干细胞移植 (HSCT) 在 153 名 (41.6%) 患者中进行。 ICU 死亡率为 51.4%。根据单因素分析，许多参数 (例如，入院时的 APACHE II 和 SOFA 分数、ICU 入院时的某些实验室参数、ICU 入院原因、合并症、HM 类型、HSCT 类型、ICU 入院和入住期间的感染等) 在幸存者和非幸存者之间显著不同。然而，只有 ICU 入院时高 SOFA 分数 (OR：1.281，p = 0.004)、败血症休克存在 (OR：17.123，p = 0.0001)、急性肾损伤出现 (OR：48.284，p = 0.0001) 和需要在 ICU 入住期间进行侵入性机械通气支持行 (OR：23.118，p = 0.0001) 是 ICU 死亡的独立风险因素。在我们的队列中，危重症 HM 患者的 ICU 死亡率很高。我们发现了四个独立的 ICU 死亡预测因素。然而，仍需要进一步的研究来更好地了解危重症 HM 患者的不良预后预测因素。

Patients with hematological malignancies (HM) often require admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) due to organ failure, disease progression or treatment-related complications, and they generally have a poor prognosis. Therefore, understanding the factors affecting ICU mortality in HM patients is important. In this study, we aimed to identify the risk factors for ICU mortality in our critically ill HM patients.We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of HM patients who were hospitalized in our medical ICU between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2018. We recorded some parameters of these patients and compared these parameters by statistically between survivors and nonsurvivors to determine the risk factors for ICU mortality.The study included 368 critically ill HM patients who were admitted to our medical ICU during a 9-year period. The median age was 58 (49-67) years and 63.3% of the patients were male. Most of the patients (43.2%) had acute leukemia. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was performed in 153 (41.6%) patients. The ICU mortality rate was 51.4%. According to univariable analyses, a lot of parameters (e.g., admission APACHE II and SOFA scores, length of ICU stay, some laboratory parameters at the ICU admission, the reason for ICU admission, comorbidities, type of HM, type of HSCT, infections on ICU admission and during ICU stay, etc.) were significantly different between survivors and nonsurvivors. However, only high SOFA scores at ICU admission (OR:1.281, p = 0.004), presence of septic shock (OR:17.123, p = 0.0001), acute kidney injury (OR:48.284, p = 0.0001), and requirement of invasive mechanical ventilation support during ICU stay (OR:23.118, p = 0.0001) were independent risk factors for ICU mortality.In our cohort, critically ill HM patients had high ICU mortality. We found four independent predictors for ICU mortality. Yet, there is still a need for further research to better understand poor outcome predictors in critically ill HM patients.