乳腺癌是全球女性死亡的主要原因，某些亚型具有高度侵袭性和耐药性。由于氧化应激与癌症的发生和进展有关，新的替代疗法已引起越来越多的关注，这些疗法基于激活与细胞氧化还原平衡维护有关的信号通路的植物衍生化合物。在考虑用于预防和治疗癌症的生物活性饮食化合物中，包括类黄酮如槲皮素，类胡萝卜素如番茄红素，多酚如白藜芦醇和还原酸和异硫氰酸盐如芥末硫磺素。在健康细胞中，这些生物活性植物化学物质通过细胞内信号通路和表观遗传调节表现出抗氧化、抗凋亡和抗炎症的特性。短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）由肠道菌群产生并从饮食中获得，也具有与它们的氧化还原信号活性有关的抗炎症和抗增殖特性，因此对细胞平衡至关重要。有证据支持SCFAs，特别是丁酸，作为抗氧化剂在调节Nrf2-Keap1信号通路中的作用，包括抑制组蛋白去乙酰化酶（HDACs）和/或Nrf2核转运。将SCFAs纳入营养和药物干预可改变肠道菌群的成分，已被证明对癌症预防和治疗具有重要意义。在本文中，我们重点关注SCFAs的抗氧化性质及其对癌症发展和治疗的影响，特别是乳腺癌。

Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women worldwide, and certain subtypes are highly aggressive and drug resistant. As oxidative stress is linked to the onset and progression of cancer, new alternative therapies, based on plant-derived compounds that activate signaling pathways involved in the maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis, have received increasing interest. Among the bioactive dietary compounds considered for cancer prevention and treatment are flavonoids, such as quercetin, carotenoids, such as lycopene, polyphenols, such as resveratrol and stilbenes, and isothiocyanates, such as sulforaphane. In healthy cells, these bioactive phytochemicals exhibit antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties through intracellular signaling pathways and epigenetic regulation. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), produced by intestinal microbiota and obtained from the diet, also exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties related to their redox signaling activity-and are thus key for cell homeostasis. There is evidence supporting an antioxidant role for SCFAs, mainly butyrate, as modulators of Nrf2-Keap1 signaling involving the inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) and/or Nrf2 nuclear translocation. Incorporation of SCFAs in nutritional and pharmacological interventions changes the composition of the the intestinal microbiota, which has been shown to be relevant for cancer prevention and treatment. In this review, we focused on the antioxidant properties of SCFAs and their impact on cancer development and treatment, with special emphasis on breast cancer.