先天性隐睾是睾丸恶性肿瘤的成熟危险因素，但这两个临床实体之间的关联措施仍然存在显着的变异性。本元分析旨在调查经过手术修复的先天性隐睾症状患者在青春期之前至成年后睾丸癌的最新风险。元分析使用严格的标准对在成年前进行手术治疗的先天性隐睾病例进行识别。本研究依照“系统评价和荟萃分析的偏好报告项目”(PRISMA)的指南进行。从PubMed和Scopus数据库中进行搜索，采用明确的策略，搜索时间从创刊至2023年2月。两个独立的作者筛选文献并提取数据，采用纳入和排除标准。从2176篇文章中，93篇文章被完全检索，其中6篇文章满足所有纳入标准。采用纽卡斯尔 - 奥塔瓦量表对研究的质量进行评估。采用RevMan 5.4程序的随机效应模型进行元分析，选择了三个病例对照研究和三个队列研究。它们包括371,681名患者和1786起睾丸癌发生案例。汇总后的比值比(OR)为3.99 (95%置信区间(CI)：2.80-5.71)。异质性适度，使用I-squared统计量估计为51%。生成森林图和漏斗图以评估OR和可能的出版偏倚。所有包含在内的报告的平均纽卡斯尔 - 奥塔瓦分数为8/9。结论：本系统评价和荟萃分析证实了先天性隐睾手术史患者在成年后睾丸癌风险的增加，新证据支持睾丸下降的侧性显示了癌症风险仍然增加，对于对侧未受影响的睾丸，但程度较轻。生活的第一年进行睾丸固定手术可以避免睾丸损伤并降低总癌症风险。已知：先天性隐睾是最常见的泌尿生殖异常和睾丸癌的危险因素。最近的元分析报告了这种关联性，报告在2013年进行了。新的结果：在检查了截至2023年2月的文献之后，验证了先天性隐睾症与成年后睾丸癌风险的关联：比值比= 3.99 [2.80-5.71]，95% CI。该元分析强调了早期睾丸固定手术的保护作用及对下降和睾丸癌侧性的有争议的数据。 ©2023。作者(们)独家授权施普林格-Verlag GmBH德国，施普林格自然出版集团的一部分。

Congenital cryptorchidism is a well-established risk factor of testicular malignancies. However, there is still remarkable variability in the measures of associations between of these two clinical entities. The current meta-analysis investigates the up-to-date risk of testicular cancer in adults with a history of surgically corrected congenital cryptorchidism until adolescence. The meta-analysis was conducted with strict criteria for the identification of the congenital cryptorchidism cases that underwent surgery before adulthood. The study was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A search of the PubMed and the Scopus databases was conducted, using a defined strategy, from inception to February 2023. Two independent authors screened the literature and extracted the data, using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Of the 2176 articles identified, 93 articles were fully retrieved, and 6 articles met all the inclusion criteria. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was applied for the studies' quality assessment. The random-effects model in RevMan 5.4 program was used for the meta-analysis. Three case-control studies and three cohort studies were selected. They included 371,681 patients and 1786 incidents of testicular cancer. The pooled odds ratio (OR) was 3.99 (95% confidence intervals (CI): 2.80-5.71). The heterogeneity was moderate and estimated at 51% with the I-squared statistic. A forest plot and a funnel plot were produced to evaluate the ORs and the probable publication bias, respectively. The mean Newcastle-Ottawa score was 8/9 for all the included reports.  Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis verifies, with an updated estimate, the increased risk of testicular cancer in adults with an orchidopexy history. New evidence on the maldescent laterality supports that the cancer risk remains increased and for the contralateral, unaffected testicle, although to a lesser extent. The orchidopexy in the first year of life prevents the testicular damage and decreases the overall cancer risk. What is Known: • Congenital cryptorchidism is the commonest genitourinary abnormality and a risk factor for testicular cancer. • The most recent meta-analysis reporting this association was in 2013. What is New: • After reviewing literature until February 2023, the association of congenital cryptorchidism with testicular cancer risk in adulthood was verified: odds ratio=3.99 [2.80-5.71], 95% CI. • The meta-analysis highlights the protective role of early orchidopexy and the controversial data about maldescent and testicular cancer laterality.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.