阿巴美辛（ABM）是一种天然发酵产物，来自链霉菌素产生的腐殖质，用于畜牧业和农业领域的害虫控制。本研究旨在评估辣木醇提叶提取物（MOE）对奈尔尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）暴露于亚致死浓度（0.5 µg/l）的阿巴美辛（ABM，5％EC）28天后，生物化学变化包括氧化应激指标、免疫应答标记、脂质谱系及免疫相关基因的mRNA表达以及ABM残留水平的保护作用。与对照组相比，ABM暴露鱼的肝脏和肾脏生物标志物的干扰显著增加。肝脏和脑组织中的丙二醛水平以及谷胱甘肽-s-转移酶、超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性在ABM组中均显著增加。此外，ABM暴露显著提高了白细胞介素10 beta和生长因子基因表达水平。另一方面，暴露于ABM的鱼在血清碱性磷酸酶、肌酐、高密度脂蛋白、脑谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、肝脏和脑组织谷胱甘肽、溶菌酶活性、一氧化氮、免疫球蛋白M、肿瘤坏死因子和白细胞介素1 beta等方面显著降低。MOE添加到饲料中（1％）使奈尔尼罗罗非鱼受到的ABM的有害影响得以克服，并改善了肝肾损伤、增强了抗氧化活性、固有免疫反应并调节了抗炎基因的表达。因此，可以得出结论，MOE饲料补充剂（1％）可用于抵消阿巴美辛对奈尔尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）暴露的氧化应激、免疫应答紊乱，并减少其在鱼组织中的积累。 ©2023.作者。

Abamectin (ABM), a naturally fermented product of Streptomyces avermitilis, is applied to pest control in livestock and agriculture fields. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the protective effects of Moringa oleifera leaf ethanolic extract (MOE) on biochemical changes including oxidative stress indices, immune response marker, lipid profiles as well as mRNA expression of immune related genes, and abamectin (ABM, 5% EC) residue levels in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to a sub-lethal concentration (0.5 µg/l) for 28 days. Disturbance in liver and kidney biomarkers was markedly increased in ABM-exposed fish compared to the control group. Malondialdehyde levels in the liver and brain tissues, as well as the activities of glutathione-s-transferase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxides, all increased significantly in ABM group. Additionally, ABM exposure increased the levels of interleukin 10 beta and growth factor gene expression. On the other hand, fish exposed to ABM had significantly lower serum alkaline phosphatase, creatinine, high-density lipoprotein, glutathione peroxides in brain, glutathione in liver and brain tissues, lysozyme activity, nitric oxide, immunoglobulin M, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin 1 beta as compared to the control group. The recorded detrimental effects of ABM on tilapia have been overcome by the addition of MOE to the diet (1%) and ameliorating hepato-renal damage and enhancing antioxidant activity, innate immune responses, and upregulating the anti-inflammatory gene expression. Therefore, it could be concluded that MOE dietary supplementation at 1% could be used to counteract the oxidative stress, immune response disruption induced by abamectin exposure in Oreochromis niloticus, and reduce its accumulation in fish tissues.© 2023. The Author(s).